AUSTRALIA. 



AUSTRIA. 



57 



possessors of this island. The immigration and 

 emigration returns show an actual loss to the 

 population of 466 souls. The deaths in 1867 

 numbered 1,413, being in the proportion of 

 14.4 per 1,000 of population. The births regis- 

 tered during the year were 2,971, or 166 more 

 than in 1866. The value of the imports in 

 1867 was 856,348, that of the exports was 

 790,494, the former exceeding the latter by 

 65,854. Compared with the results of the 

 preceding year, there was a decrease of 25,759 

 on the imports, and of 44,112 on the exports ; 

 indeed, the exports had not been so limited 

 since 1851. The number of vessels which en- 

 tered inward was 598, and shows a decrease 

 of 7 per cent. ; the tonnage was 97,390, and 

 shows a decrease of 9f per cent, as compared 

 with the results of 1866. The number of ves- 

 sels cleared outward was 631, of 102,754 tons 

 in the aggregate. The revenue in 1867 was 

 272,953, being an increase, on that of 1866, of 

 27,531. The expenditure last year was 255,- 

 552, or 13,191 more than in 1866. 



The colony of New Zealand had, in Decem- 

 ber, 1867, according to the official census, 218,- 

 637 inhabitants, exclusive of the military and 

 their families, and the aboriginal natives ; an 

 absolute increase, as compared with 1864, 

 amounting to 46,479, or 26.99 per cent. Of 

 this population (1867), the Northern Island 

 (comprising the provinces of Auckland, Tara- 

 naki, Wellington, andHawke's Bay) had 45,189 

 males, and 34,724 females, making a total of 

 79,913, or 36.55 per cent, on the population of 

 the colony ; and the Middle Island (comprising 

 the province of Nelson, Marlborough, Canter- 

 bury, Otago, and Southland) 86,697 males, and 

 51,843 females, making a total of 138,540, or 

 63.37 per cent, on the whole 'population. The 

 addition ,of 184 (or .08 per cent.) for the Chat- 

 ham Islands will bring out the general total 

 as above. The population of the chief town 

 in every province is as follows: Auckland, 

 11,153. New Plymouth, 2,180. Wellington, 

 7,460. Napier, 1,827. Nelson, 5,652. Picton, 

 465. Christchurch, 6,647. Lyttleton, 2,510. 

 Dunedin, 12,776. Invercargill, 2,006. The 

 military and their families numbered, officers 

 and men, 918 ; male children, 175 ; women and 

 female children, 362 ; making a total of 1,455. 

 This number, added to the population shown 

 by the census, gives a total of 220,192 ; viz., 

 133,102 males, and 86,990 females. Although 

 the numbers of the aboriginal native popula- 

 tion are not ascertained by the census of the 

 colony, the Registrar-General is enabled, by 

 returns supplied from the native secretary's 

 office, to introduce an approximate estimate 

 of them. As respects the provinces of Canter- 

 bury, Otago, and Southland, an enumeration, 

 described as a " census," was taken in the early 

 part of the year, which shows for those prov- 

 inces a total of 1,433. For the North Island, 

 with the province of Nelson, and the prisoners 

 at the Chatham Islands, the numbers stated are 

 37,107. These numbers, however, are only 



given as approximate, and in one or two in- 

 stances are represented as probably under-esti- 

 mated. Taking the figures as they appear 

 however, they show an (estimated) native pop- 

 ulation of 38,540 in the colony. This number 

 added to the population shown by the census, 

 and the military and their families, would make 

 the aggregate number of the inhabitants of New 

 Zealand 258,632. The total quantity of land 

 fenced which, in 1858, was 235,561 acres; in 

 1861, 409,763 acres; and in 1864, 1,072,383 

 acres had increased in 1867 to 3,454,535 acres; 

 and the total quantity under crop which, in 

 1858, was 141,007 acres ; in 1861, 226,219 acres ; 

 and in 1864, 382,655 acres had increased in 

 1867 to 676,867 acres. The aggregate numbers 

 of live-stock of all kinds (excepting poultry) 

 which in 1858 were 1,728,093 ; in 1861, 3,038,- 

 557; and in 1864, 5,310,062 had increased in 

 1867 to 8,924,489. 



New Zealand was again the scene of a bloody 

 outbreak of the natives, who massacred a con- 

 siderable number of the white settlers, and 

 offered a desperate resistance to the Govern- 

 ment troops sent against them. According to 

 the advices received up to the close of January, 

 1869, the outbreak was not yet fully quelled. 



In the first months of the year, Prince Al- 

 fred, the second son of Queen Victoria, visited 

 several of the colonies. His visit was celebrated 

 by great official festivities, but was cut short 

 by an attempt upon his life, made by a Fenian. 

 As he received a serious wound, it was deemed 

 best that he should at once return to England. 



AUSTRIA. Emperor, Francis Joseph I., 

 born August 18, 1830; succeeded his uncle, 

 Ferdinand I. (as King of Hungary and Bohe- 

 mia, called Ferdinand V.), on December 2, 

 1848. Heir-apparent, Archduke Rudolph, born 

 August 21, 1858. Since 1867, the empire, in 

 point of administration, is divided into two 

 parts, the chief frontier of which is the river 

 Leitha, whence the one (the western) half is 

 called the cis-Leithan, and the other (eastern) 

 the trans-Leithan portion of the empire. The 

 former is also commonly designated by the 

 name of Austria proper, and the latter by the 

 name of Hungary. The whole Austrian mon- 

 archy is now officially called the Austro-Hun- 

 garian empire, or Austro-Hungarian monarchy. 

 In the following article we treat of the affairs 

 belonging to the Austrian monarchy as a whole, 

 and those belonging to Austria proper, or the 

 cis-Leithan provinces, reserving the affairs of 

 the trans-Leithan provinces for the article 



HlJNGAKY. 



The area of the Austrian empire, according 

 to the latest official statements, amounts to 240- 

 381 square miles, and the population, in 1867, 

 to 35,553,000 inhabitants. An official census 

 was taken in 1868, but its results have not 

 yet been published. The previous census was 

 of 1857, which showed the population of the 

 provinces now constituting Austria (Lombardy 

 and Venetia have since been lost) to amount 

 to 32,530,000. By adding the yearly excess 



