300 GEOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATIONS AND DISCOVERIES IN 1868. 



crona, 16,653 ; Gefle, 12,561; TJpsala, 10,768; 

 Lund, 10,052 ; Jonkoping, 10,013 ; Kalmar, 

 9,200 ; Orebro, 9,007. 



The population of the French colonies in 

 1866 has been recently announced in France, 



but not, as yet, been published in any English 

 collection of statistics. We have added to it 

 the imports and exports of 1864, the latest pub- 

 lished, and give the whole, with the capitals 

 of each, as follows : 



The statistics of Denmark are not quite so 

 full, nor to quite so late a date, being for Jan- 

 uary, 1866. In the nineteen Danish provinces 

 the total area of land was 14,553 English square 

 miles, and the population 1,717,802; a gain of 

 109,707 since 1860. In the towns, including 

 Copenhagen, the number of inhabitants was 

 386,206, in the country 1,331,596, indicating 

 the agricultural character of the population. 

 Copenhagen had a population of 162,042; 

 Odense, 15,705 ; Aarhuus, 12,142 ; Aalburg, 

 11,104. 



The principality of Servia also published, in 

 1868, its statistics to the close of 1866. Its 

 area is, in round numbers, 12,600 square miles, 

 and the population 1,192,086, of whom 20,000 

 were gypsies, about 2,000 Jews, and 2,500 Ger- 

 man settlers. There were seventeen districts, 

 exclusive of the city of Belgrade, the capital. 

 Belgrade has 20,133 inhabitants. 



Turning to the vast continent of ASIA, we 

 find that the explorations in Palestine, and es- 

 pecially at Jerusalem and its vicinity, com- 

 menced by the Palestine Exploration Society, 

 in continuation of those of Wilson and Anders- 

 sen, under the superintendence of Lieutenant 

 Warren, were continued through most of the 

 year (they have now been suspended), and 

 that they have resulted in an almost complete 

 unsettling of former opinions in regard to the 

 localities of the great events of the Scripture 

 narratives. Lieutenant Warren has demon- 

 strated that the Jerusalem of to-day is from 

 thirty to a hundred feet above the Jerusalem 

 of the commencement of the Christian era, 

 and that, to ascertain with much accuracy the 

 location of any of the buildings of the ancient 

 Jerusalem, a vast and extensive excavation is 

 necessary, too vast to be permitted by the 

 present authorities, and involving expenses too 

 great for private enterprise. His explorations 

 and those of Wilson and Anderssen, elsewhere 

 in the Holy Land, were attended with more 

 positive results. The sites of Capernaum and 



* Of these, 235,570 were Europeans. 



Chorazin were ascertained with almost absolute 

 certainty, and that of the ancient Gergesa, the 

 city of the Gergesenes. The ruins at Tell- 

 Hum, and Kerazah, were thoroughly exca- 

 vated, and the capitals which crowned the 

 columns of the ancient synagogues proved to 

 contain devices which could only have had 

 significance to the Jews of the period of the 

 Christian era. 



A new exploration under English auspices, 

 of the Sinaitic peninsula, commenced by the 

 earnest efforts of the late Rev. Pierce Butler, 

 is now in course of prosecution by Rev. 

 George Williams and Rev. F. W. Holland, and 

 a party of officers and men of the Royal 

 Engineers, who entered upon their work in 

 October, 1868. Mr. Holland had previously 

 made three journeys in Sinai, and explored 

 much of its territory on foot. The explorers 

 have found good reasons for doubting whether 

 the mountain now known as Sinai is the 

 Mount Sinai of Moses's time ; they regard Jebel 

 Um Alowee, another mountain a few miles 

 northeast of the present Mount Sinai, as meet- 

 ing much more satisfactorily the requirements 

 of the Biblical narrative. 



We have from Russian sources some statis- 

 tics of Tashkend, the capital of Independent 

 Turkestan. The population, according to a 

 census taken in the winter of 1867-'68, by 

 General Heinz, was 64,416, and there were 

 9,483 dwelling-houses. The following ranges 

 of temperature were observed in the city in 

 December, 1867, and January, February, 

 March, and April, 1868, by Carl W. Struve: 



The summer is long, intensely hot, and dry. 

 Ice is sold during the summer at ten copecks 

 (seven and a half cents) per pound. It is, 

 however, a place of great trade, merchants and 



