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PAIGE, ALONZO 0. 



PAPAL STATES. 



magnetism as a motive power, and had so far 

 succeeded as to be able to use it for the pro- 

 pulsion of machinery and to some extent as a 

 locomotive force. Had his life been spared he 

 would undoubtedly have completed this great 

 work. 



PAIGE, Hon. ALOISTZO OHEISTOPHEB, a dis- 

 tinguished jurist of New York, born in Scagh- 

 ticoke, N. Y., July 31, 179 7; died in Schenec- 

 tady, N. Y., March 31, 1868. He was the son 

 of Rev. Winslow Paige, D. D., and received his 

 early education under his father's direction. 

 He entered "Williams College in 1808, and 

 graduated second in his class in 1812. His 

 father was desirous that he should become a 

 clergyman, and after his graduation placed 

 him with Kev. Dr. Banks, of the Scotch Church 

 in Montgomery County, to study theology. 

 But not being interested in theological studies, 

 he removed to Schenectady after a time, and 

 studied law, being admitted to the bar in 1819. 

 Young as he was, his graceful and elegant 

 manners, his fine scholarship, and his remark- 

 able attainments in the law, commanded suc- 

 cess almost from the beginning. In 1828 he 

 was appointed Reporter of the Court of Chan- 

 cery, and remained till 1846, publishing in the 

 meanwhile 11 volumes of Chancery reports. 

 In 1826 he was elected to the Legislature, and 

 served for four successive years. In 1838 he 

 was elected Senator, and served with distinc- 

 tion in the State Senate four years, and was 

 subsequently reflected. He was elected Jus- 

 tice of the Supreme Court in June, 1847, and 

 drew for the term of four, years, and in 1855 

 was elected for the term of two years to fill 

 the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of 

 Justice Cady. In June, 1867, he was elected 

 to the Constitutional Convention, where his 

 efforts, in connection with those of J. S. 

 Landon, to purify the ballot-box entitled him 

 to the lasting gratitude of the people whom 

 in every capacity he served so well. This was 

 the last public office which he filled. He had 

 been for thirty years a Trustee of Union Col- 

 lege, and his finished education and wide cul- 

 ture rendered him an invaluable guardian of 

 that institution. As a lawyer, he was remark- 

 ably able, reaching at once beyond trivial and 

 unimportant issues to the great principles on 

 which the law is based. As a judge, his de- 

 cisions were regarded by his brethren on the 

 bench, and by the legal profession generally, 

 as among the most valuable in the records of 

 judicial opinions. Clear and unimpassioned in 

 judgment and embodying the results of careful 

 and extended research, they are and will be 

 highly prized. Though never a professed poli- 

 tician, and incapable alike from his charac- 

 ter and disposition of resorting to political 

 trickery and management, the sympathies of 

 Judge Paige had always been with the old 

 Democratic party, but he loved his country 

 better than his party, and at the outbreak of 

 the late war no political affiliation could re- 

 strain him from earnest and active efforts in 



behalf of the cause of the Union. In all the 

 relations of life he maintained a simple dignity 

 of manner, a winning and gentle courtesy, a 

 tender and cordial sympathy with the poor and 

 the suffering, and a large-handed liberality for 

 every worthy object. 



PAPAL STATES, present pope, Pius IX. 

 (before his elevation to the Papal See, Gio- 

 vanni Maria, Count Mastai Ferretti), born at 

 Sinigaglia, May 13, 1792; elected June 16, 1846. 

 The ministry at the close of the year 1868 was 

 composed as follows : Secretary of State, Car- 

 dinal Giac. Antonelli, President ; Finances and 

 Treasury, Giuseppe Ferrari (December 1, 

 1854) ; Interior, Augusto Negroni (February 8, 

 1868); "War, Brigadier-General Hermann Kanz- 

 ler (October 28, 1865) ; Commerce, Arts, and 

 Public Works, Cardinal J. Berardi (April 

 1868); Police, Lorenzo Randi (October 28, 

 1865). President of the Council of State, 

 Cardinal Teodolpho Mertel (since 1863). The 

 area amounts to 4,552 square miles; the popu- 

 lation, to 723,121. The population of the city 

 of Rome, in 1867, was 215,573; in 1868, 

 217,378 ; among whom there were 4,650 Is- 

 raelites, 457 non-Catholics, and 6,429 persons 

 belonging to the clergy. In the budget for 

 1867, the revenue amounted to 36,431,058 lire 

 (1 lira = 1 franc = 19 cents); the expenditure, 

 to 73,838,754 lire; deficit, 37,407,696 lire. For 

 the year 1868, the revenue was estimated at 

 28,845,359 lire ; the expenditures, at 73,949,803 

 lire ; deficit, 45,104,444 lire. Public debt, in 

 1867, 37,402,695 lire rente; which, at the rate 

 of five per cent., would be equal to a capital 

 of 748,053,900 lire. According to a conven- 

 tion concluded on December 7, 1866, the Gov- 

 ernment of Italy assumed, in consideration of 

 the annexation of Romagna, the Marches, Um- 

 bria, and Benevento, a part of the Papal debt, 

 and bound itself to pay to the Papal Govern- 

 ment the sum of 20,642,292 francs, and an 

 annual rente of 18,627,773 lire. 



The arrivals and clearances of merchant 

 vessels in the ports of Civita Vecchia, Fumi- 

 cino, Badino, and Terracina, amounted to 

 3,654 ; together, 493,217 tons. 



According to the " official statistics of ' 

 the Pontifical army for the year 1869," the 

 Papal army was composed of 16,334 (officers, 

 underofficers, and soldiers), among whom 

 there were : Italians of all provinces, 8,240 ; 

 Frenchmen, 2,930 ; Belgians, 678 ; Dutch, 

 1,713; Swiss, 970; Germans, 1,154; Aus- 

 trians, 88 ; Spaniards, 42 ; Americans, Bra- 

 zilians, 27. The Corps of Zouves is composed 

 of 4,342 soldiers, of whom 230 are Italians, 

 1,211 Frenchmen, 1,683 Dutch, 233 Canadians.* 

 A proposal was made in 1868 by the American 

 General Carroll Lewis, to raise a battalion of 

 1,200 men in the United States for the Pon- 

 tifical army, which was abandoned in conse- 

 quence of the opposition of the Roman Catho- 

 lic archbishops and bishops. Four of the arch- 

 bishops published, with regard to this subject, 

 the following card : . 



