BATES, EDWARD. 



BAVARIA. 



65 



they wish to be. Of this class are such 

 churches as those of Dr. Landells, Dr. Broek, 

 Baptiste Noel, Stowell Brown, etc. The third 

 class are open communion, with restricted 

 membership. Thus, Mr. Spurgeon holds that 

 adult immersion is the indispensable requisite 

 for church membership, but that all Christian 

 believers may be invited to the communion. 

 A fourth class are the regular strict-communion 

 Baptists, who exclude the unimmersed both 

 from the Lord's table and from membership. Dr. 

 Stork is a representative minister of this class. 

 The Baptist Manual for 1869 reported the 

 statistics of the Baptists 'in Great Britain as 

 follows : 



Increase of membership in reporting church- 

 es, 9,972. 



BATES, EDWAED, LL. D., an eminent states- 

 man and jurist, born in Goochland County, 

 Ya., September 4, 1T93 ; died at- St. Louis, 

 Mo., March 25, 1869. He descended from a 

 family of "Friends" of some distinction, who 

 had lost their position in that connection, by 

 reason of their having borne arms in the Rev- 

 olutionary War, and was educated under the 

 supervision of Benjamin Bates, a relative of 

 cultivated literary tastes. "While still young, 

 he served in the Virginia militia, at Norfolk, 

 for six months. His elder brother, Frederick 

 Bates, having been appointed Secretary of the 

 new Territory of Missouri, Edward emigrated 

 thither, and under his auspices soon entered 

 upon the practice of the law. As early as 

 1816 he was appointed Prosecuting Attorney 

 for the St. Louis Circuit, and in 1820 had so 

 gained the confidence of the community as to 

 be elected a delegate to the State Constitu- 

 tional Convention. Toward the close of the 

 same year, he was appointed Attorney-Gen- 

 eral of the new State of Missouri, which office 

 he held for two years. In 1822 he was elected 

 to the lower branch of the State Legislature, 

 but in 1824 he abandoned this to accept the 

 appointment, tendered him by President Mon- 

 roe, of State Attorney for the Missouri Dis- 

 trict. Active political life still enticed him, 

 and in 1826, while yet quite a young man, he 

 was elected a representative in Congress, serv- 

 ing but one term. Soon afterward he was re- 

 turned to the State Senate of Missouri. The 

 condition of his private fortune now compelled 

 him definitely to abandon all idea of a further 

 active political career, and, with occasional ex- 

 ceptions in the way of services in the State Le- 

 gislature, he devoted himself for the next twen- 

 ty-five or thirty years almost exclusively to the 

 VOL. ix. 5. A 



practice of his profession. In 1847 Mr. Bates 

 was sent as a delegate to the Convention for In- 

 ternal Improvement, held in Chicago, and here 

 made a favorable impression upon the country 

 at large. In 1850 Mr. Fillmore offered him the 

 position of Secretary of War, which he de- 

 clined. Three years later he accepted the 

 office of Judge of the St. Louis Land Court. 

 In 1856 he presided over the Whig Conven- 

 tion held in Baltimore, and four years later 

 became a prominent candidate for the presi- 

 dency. Up to this period Mr. Bates had been 

 known solely as a Whig, having been in full 

 sympathy with the most important movements 

 of that party ; but, when the question of the re- 

 peal of the Missouri Compromise was agitated, 

 he earnestly opposed it ; and thus, although 

 his habits of mind and tastes were eminently 

 conservative, he became identified with the 

 " Free-Labor " party in Missouri, and was 

 reckoned by them an ally, not only in measures 

 of State policy, but also in hostility to the ad- 

 mission of Kansas under the Lecompton Con- 

 stitution. With the growth of antislavery 

 principles in Missouri, he gradually became 

 more prominent as one of the men who were 

 valued for the high personal character they 

 brought to the movement, till, in 1859, when 

 men began to cast about them for a Western 

 candidate for the presidency, to be selected by 

 the Republican party, Mr. Bates's name was 

 prominently mentioned. For a time it seemed 

 probable, or at least possible, that the opposi- 

 tion to Governor Seward might concentrate 

 upon him. The State of Missouri warmly sup- 

 ported him, and his prospects were at one 

 time thought to be excellent. When, however, 

 the convention assembled at Chicago had cast 

 several ballots, and it was apparent that Mr. 

 Lincoln was the favorite Republican candi- 

 date, Mr. Bates's name was withdrawn by his 

 friends. When Mr. Lincoln, after his election, 

 decided upon selecting the leading men of the 

 Republican party, including those who had 

 been his principal competitors, for his Cabinet, 

 the eminent reputation of Mr. Bates as a 

 lawyer induced his assignment to the office 

 of Attorney-General. In the Cabinet he played 

 a dignified, safe, and faithful, but not conspicu- 

 ous part. In 1864 he resigned his position, 

 and returned to the quiet of a retired domestic 

 life at his home in St. Louis. From this time 

 he never again entered into active politics. 



BAVARIA, a kingdom in South Germany. 

 King, Ludwig II., born August 25, 1815 ; suc- 

 ceeded his father, Maximilian II., on March 10, 

 1864. Prime minister (since January 1, 1867), 

 Prince Clovis von Hohenlohe-SchiUingsfurst. 

 Bavaria has an area of 29,373 square miles, 

 and, according to the census of 1867, a popula- 

 tion of 4,824,421,* of whom 3,441,029 were 

 Roman Catholics ; 1,325,446 Protestants; 49,- 

 840 Jews ; 3,267 Reformed ; 143 Greeks ; and 



* For the population of each of the eight provinces in 

 1867, see AMERICAN ANNUAL CYCLOPEDIA, for 1868 ; also 

 for a statement of the army. 



