226 DULCE Y GARAY, DOMINGO. 



tained a popularity among the Cubans never 

 before won by any of his predecessors, with a 

 single exception. But, while he thus endeared 

 himself to the natives, he incurred the enmity 

 of the Spaniards, whose hatred of the Cubans 

 and advocacy of absolutism caused them to 

 regard with disfavor the tendency of the 

 Captain-General to establish, even in a modified 

 form, an era of constitutional rule. Many of 

 the obnoxious decrees promulgated by former 

 rulers were revoked, the Cubans were ad- 

 mitted to official positions of responsibility and 

 their liberties generally enlarged. The mar- 

 riage of Dulce to a native Cuban lady of 

 wealth added no little to the esteem in which 

 he was held by the people. But in course of 

 time the inevitable change in the administra- 

 tion of affairs in the Peninsula was wrought. 

 The Liberal Government resigned in 1864, and 

 Narvaez became the ruler. It was not long 

 after this event that General Dulce was re- 

 called, and General Lersundi appointed to 

 succeed him. He returned to Spain, and was 

 for some time quartered at Madrid. While 

 there the cross of San Hermenegildo, bearing 

 a pension of 600 escudos, was conferred upon 

 him. A few months later he was arrested on 

 suspicion of being engaged with Serrano, 

 Zabala, Cordova, and others in a conspiracy to 

 depose the Queen and place her sister, the 

 Duchess of Montpensier, on the throne, but 

 was long not held in durance. The revolution 

 of 1868 restored him to influence and power. 

 One of the first acts of Serrano, on becoming 

 Regent, was to appoint Dulce again Captain- 

 General of Cuba. His commission bore date in 

 December, 1868. When he reached Havana 

 the insurrection on the island was already or- 

 ganized, and there was no probability of a com- 

 promise being accepted by the insurgent lead- 

 ers. Nevertheless, General Dulce at once 

 made efforts to bring about a restoration of 

 tranquillity. On the occasion of his recall, 

 some years previous, he had, in his farewell 

 proclamation, assured the people that, wher- 

 ever fate called him, he would remain ever a 

 Cuban. Kemembering the assurance that he 

 had then given, he endeavored to stay further 

 effusion of blood, which Lersundi could have 

 prevented had he not been hopelessly deaf to 

 every dictate of sound policy. Commissioners 

 were appointed to confer with Cespedes and 

 other leaders, who rejected every compromise 

 short of the independence of Cuba. Finding 

 no other alternative left him, Dulce prosecuted 

 the war, but, because of his desire to deal 

 mercifully by the insurgents taken prisoners, 

 the^ volunteers of Havana demanded his resig- 

 nation, and enforced the demand with the 

 most violent threats. His health was thorough- 

 ly undermined, and, sick at heart at his ill suc- 

 cess, he bade adieu to Cuba forever, in June, 

 1869, and reached Madrid almost in a dying 

 condition. He lingered for about four months, 

 but without hope, and perhaps without the 

 desire of recovery. 



DUNGLISON, ROBLEY. 307 



DUNGLISON, ROBLEY, M. D., LL. D., a dis- 

 tinguished medical professor and author, born 

 in Keswick, Cumberland, England, in 1798 ; 

 died in Philadelphia, April 1, 1869. He re- 

 ceived an excellent academical and professional 

 education in England, graduating M. D., in 

 London, in 1819, and in 1824 was invited to 

 the United States to take part in the establish- 

 ment of Jefferson's favorite project, the Uni- 

 versity of Virginia. From his connection with 

 the university there ensued an intimate ac- 

 quaintance with Jefferson, Madison, and other 

 great men of the past generation, which natu- 

 ralized him at once in his adopted country, 

 and he thenceforth became in all respects 

 thoroughly American. In 1833 he left the 

 University of Virginia for a chair in the Uni- 

 versity of Maryland ; and when, in 1836, the 

 Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia was 

 reorganized, he was invited to fill the profess- 

 orship of Institutes of Medicine. Here he re- 

 mained for more than thirty years, during a 

 large portion of which time lie was Dean of 

 the Faculty ; and the extraordinary success of 

 the institution was largely owing both to his 

 attractive courses of lectures and to the re- 

 markable tact and practical sagacity with 

 which he administered its affairs. He kept 

 to his post and faithfully discharged its duties 

 for some years after failing health admonished 

 him to seek the repose he so much needed, 

 and he did not retire until the close of the 

 session of 1868. Widely as Dr. Dunglison was 

 known as a teacher, his reputation as a medi- 

 cal writer was even more extensive. He had 

 commenced his career of authorship even be- 

 fore he left England, by a work on the Dis- 

 eases of Children, and from that time for forty 

 years his pen was rarely idle. Besides the 

 editorship of "Magendie's Formulary" and 

 the "Cyclopaedia of Practical Medicine," of 

 Drs. Forbes, Tweedie, and Connolly, and sev- 

 eral smaller works, he was the author of the 

 following valuable medical treatises, over 

 one hundred thousand volumes of which have 

 been sold : " Human Physiology," 2 vols., 8vo, 

 1832 (dedicated to President Madison); "Dic- 

 tionary of Medical Science and Literature," 

 2 vols., 8vo, 1833, and many new editions 

 since, his constant additions and revisions 

 having made it two very bulky volumes; 

 " General Therapeutics and Materia Medica," 

 1836 ; " New Remedies," 1839, and foany edi- 

 tions since; "Elements of Hygiene and Hu- 

 man Health," 1844, and subsequently several 

 smaller works. In a science so rapidly pro- 

 gressive as that of medicine, even the best 

 books speedily grow out of date, but Dr. 

 Dunglison's industry kept his works on a level 

 with the advance of knowledge, and most of 

 them in repeated editions maintained their po- 

 sition for a period far longer than is generally 

 allotted to the life of a scientific book. His 

 "Medical Lexicon," especially, is one which, 

 after more than thirty years, still holds its 

 place with undinimished popularity. For such 



