248 



EUKOPE. 



EXETER, BISHOP OF. 



empire, the Czechs of Bohemia and Moravia, 

 and the Poles of Gallicia, are now demanding 

 the same semi-independent administration, and 

 the division of the empire into four autonomous 

 parts. The government, though it has not yet 

 made up its mind to grant these demands, 

 again declared in 1869 its readiness to grant 

 far-reaching concessions, which, of course, will 

 strengthen instead of arresting the decentral- 

 izing movement. A serious outbreak, which 

 took place in the latter part of the year among 

 the Slavi of Dalmatia, arose in the first place 

 from an obnoxious military law, not from the 

 nationality question ; but the avowed sympa- 

 thy of the Slavi of Kussia and Turkey with 

 the movement must have again convinced the 

 statesmen of Austria that, as long as they do 

 not succeed in bringing the nationality difficul- 

 ty to a satisfactory close, they must expect 

 serious troubles from every new complication. 

 (See AUSTRIA.) 



Prussia is still satisfied with the beginning 

 that has been made in the consolidation of 

 Germany, and is quietly awaiting the steps 

 which the South-German Governments may 

 take toward joining the union. In the Grand- 

 duchy of Baden, the government and people 

 are in full accord in desiring to hasten the en- 

 trance of Baden into the union as much as 

 possible ; but, in Bavaria, the Catholic party is 

 at present master of the situation, and the last 

 elections held in November gave to the un- 

 compromising opponents of union a decided 

 majority in the Second Chamber. 



The principal features in the policy of Rus- 

 sia were, again, the efforts to destroy wholly 

 the Polish nationality, and to strengthen and 

 enlarge its conquests in Central Asia. The 

 cruelty with which the former design is car- 

 ried out has but few parallels in modern his- 

 tory ; but none of the great powers found it in 

 their interest to interfere. In the other ques- 

 tion, that of Central Asia, Russia is advancing 

 with great caution, in order to allay as much 

 as possible the suspicions of England ; but this 

 caution barely conceals the tenacity with 

 which she pursues the traditional policy of 

 establishing Russian ascendency in Asiatic 

 politics. (See RUSSIA.) 



The Government of Turkey had, in 1869, 

 less than its usual measure of trouble. The 

 insurrection of Candia was, at the beginning 

 of the year, wholly subdued, and no revolu- 

 tionary movements of importance occurred in 

 any^other part of the empire. Serious diffi- 

 culties arose, however, on the one hand with 

 Persia, and on the other with Egypt. Both, 

 though threatening immediate wars, were 

 diplomatically adjusted, but are certain to 

 appear again. (See TURKEY ; EGYPT.) 



At the close of the year 1869, according to 

 the official censuses, or calculations published at 

 that time, the population of the countries of 

 Europe, in all about 294,500,000, was as fol- 

 lows (the countries being arranged in order of 

 the population) : 



The following table exhibits the countries of 

 Europe in order of their extent, together with 

 the percentage each constitutes of the total 

 area of Europe, which is about 3,781,000 square 

 miles : 



EXETER, Right Rev. HENRY PHILLPOTTS, 

 D. D., Lord Bishop of, an English prelate, 

 author, and controversialist, born in Bridg- 

 water, Somersetshire, May 6, 1778; died at 

 Bishopstowe, near Torquay, September 18, 

 1869. While he was yet a child, his father re- 

 moved to Gloucester, and became the landlord 

 of the Bell Inn, of that city. The son received 

 his early education at the Cathedral School of 

 Gloucester, and at the age of thirteen competed 

 successfully for a scholarship at Corpus Christi 

 College, Oxford, where he graduated B. A. in 

 June, 1795, and, a few weeks later, while but 



