FRANCE. 



273 



M E. P. M. McMahon, Duke of Magenta (June has never been the subject Of an official census. 



5*1859); 0. F. Forey (July 2, 1863) ; F. A. It is estimated that about 1,200,000 of the popu- 



Bazaine (September 5, 1864). All the marshals lation (Alsace and Lorraine) speak German as 



are members of the Senate. their native tongue, 200,000 Flemish, 1,800,- 



The army is divided into seven army corps. 000 Walloon, 1,100,000 Breton. 



The district of an army corps is called an ar- The population of the colonial possessions 



rondissement militaire. The arrondissements of France was, in 1868, reported as follows : 



are divided into divisions and subdivisions. ASIA. India Pondicherry, Karikal, Mate, 



The total number of divisions is 25 ; the num- Yanaon, Chandernagor (1866). 253,171 



be'r of subdivisions equals that of the depart- Cochin China-tig three ^pwvmoes. 502,116 



ments. The headquarters of the army corps (Vinhilong, Chaudoc, and Hatien) . . . . 477,000 

 are as follows: 1. Paris; Commander-in-chief, 



Marshal Canrobert. 2. Lille; Oommander-in- Possessions in Asia 1,232,287 



chief, General of Division, De Ladmirault, Sen- AFBICA. Senegambia 607,398 



ator. 3. Nancy ; Commander-in-chief, Marsh al Gold Coast 



Bazaine. 4.Lyons; General of Division, Cousin ?r? n Vp/ "" >i\ oKS 



.._. , J f~ ' , -r, ,., - ' rr> .__ Island oi Keunion (looo) zUo,odo 



Montauban, Count de Palikao. 5 lours , islands of May otti and Mossi-Be (1865). 20,717 



Commander-in-chief, Marshal Count Baraguey island of St. Marie (1865) 6,110 



d'Hilliers. 6. Toulouse; Commander-in-chief 



vacant. 7. Algiers ; Commander-in-chief, Possessions in Africa exclusive 



Marshal McMahon, Duke of Magenta. AT of Algeria. . 1,028,694 



Minister of the United States in France, OCEAKICA -New Caledonia 29,000 



E. B. washbume, appointed May 23, 1869 ; 



minister of France in the United States, J. 



Berthemy, appointed December 5, 1866. Possessions in Oceanica 54,000 



The population of France, according to the AMERICA. St. Pierre and Miquelon (1866). 2,924 



census of 1866, was (exclusive of 125,000 sol- Martinique (1866) 154,858 



diers stationed outside of France) 38,067,064, Gau<Woupe and de P endencies (1866) " ' ' ^Jfi 



of which 11,595,348 (or 30.5 per cent.) lived in )6) 8D ' m 



towns, and 26,471,716 (or 69.5 per cent.) in the Possessions in America 334,697 



country. In the following departments more 



than 70 per cent, of the total populations lived Total of French colonies 2,649,678 



in the towns: Seine (98.9), Loire-inferieure Under the protectorate of France are the 



(72.4), Boucher-du-Rhone (85.7), Rh6ne (70.4) ; kingdoms of Cambodia (1,000,000 inhabitants) ; 



while, on the other hand, less than 20 per cent. Porto Novp, on the Gold Coast in Africa ; Ta- 



inhabited towns in the following departments : hiti, Gambier, and other islands in Oceanica, 



Oise (19.4), Meuse (17.9), Haute-Marne (16.9), together with a population of 1,043,897. The 



Haute-Sa6ne (19.6), Savoie (18.4), Ozere(17.2), aggregate population of colonies and countries 



Hautes-Alpes (15.1), Dordogne (19.7), Hautes- under the protectorate amounts to 3,693,575. 



Pyrenees (18.7). In the " Definite Budget for 1869 " (exclusive 



The religious statistics of France, in 1866 of the " Special Budget ") the revenue appears 



(inclusive of the military), are given in the as 1,755,843,203 francs; expenditures, 1,751,- 



official Statistique de la France, as follows : 241,931 francs ; surplus, 4,601,272 francs. The 



budget for 1870, as voted by the Senate and Le- 



Populat^ Perc^ _Algena._ g{s} ^ yQ g^ ^ ftg foUows . Regular receipts, 



Catholics 37,107,212 97.48 211,195 1,738,467,393; specie budget, 280,298,910; 



P R t e e fo!-me t dChu;-ch.:V 515,759 ) extraordinary budget, 124,841,311; total re- 

 Confess, of Augsburg. 286,506 v 846,619 2.23 5,002 ceipts, 2,056,022,969; total of expenditures, 

 ls h iiteF r0tlden m ''* 44 ' 354 ' 89040 023 35737 2,054,588,469 ; surplus, 1,434,500. The public 

 other non-Christian sects!'.'. 1,400 | n ". 17 ' 9 o 9 debt, in 1869, amounted to 12,923,718,073 



Religion unknown 22,786 f ' 08 17 ' 232 francs 



' Mohammedana 2.688,746 ^ ^ my * according to the new l aw o f 



Forty-eight of the 89 departments have a February 1, 1868, consists of the active army 



Protestant population of less than 2,000. The and the reserve, each numbering 400,000 men. 



.argest Protestant population is in the depart- A " Garde Rationale Mobile," which will num- 



ments Gard, 123,179 (35.78 per cent.) ; Bas her about 550,000, was to cooperate for the de- 



Khin, 181,213 (31.25 per cent.), and Seine, 46,- fence of fortresses, coasts, and frontiers. The 



591 (2.20 per cent.). National Guard has a military organization, 



As regards nationality, the Statistique de la and is placed under the Minister of War. It 



France numbers 37,412,028 Frenchmen (98.33 comprises 250 battalions, having each eight 



per cent.) and 635,495 resident foreigners (1.67 companies of 2,000 men, and 125 batteries of 



per cent.); 19,541 remaining unaccounted for. 200 men. Together, the active army, the re- 



Among the foreigners were 275,888 Belgians, serve, and the National Guard, number 1,350,- 



106,606 Germans, 99, 624 Italians, 42,270 Swiss, 000 men. 



32,650 Spaniards, 29,856 Englishmen. The dif- - : 



erence of language among the natives of France * S1Ven * the 

 VOL. ix. 18. A 



