FEIENDS. 



the first half of the century, in which a yearly- 

 loss of from one to two hundred was reported. 

 There are 327 settled meetings, and 265 re- 

 corded ministers, and about 400 unrecorded. 

 At the annual meeting of the Friends' first-day 

 school-teachers from all parts of the United 

 Kingdom, it appeared that there were seventy- 

 seven such schools, with 12,474 scholars, and 

 1,095 teachers. 



The following are the literary institutions of 

 the Friends in Great Britain : 

 Bedford Institute, Spitalfields ; founded 1865. 

 Sunday-schools, Sunday evening and week- 

 day service, Workingmen's Club, and library. 

 Friends Institute, London. 

 Flaunders^s College, Ackworth; founded in 

 1848, by Benjamin Flaunders. Endowment, 

 40,000. For the training of young men for 

 teachers in Friends' educational establish- 

 ments and families. 



Ackworth School. Endowment, 37,000. Pu- 

 pils, 300 girls and boys. Other boarding- 

 schools are at Croydon, endowment, 30,- 

 000 ; Sidcot, 15,000 ; Wigton, 12,000 ; 

 Eawden, 5,000; Ayton, 14,000; New- 

 ton, Waterford ; Mountmellick, 9,000; Lis- 

 burn, 11,000; Brookfield, 8,000. 

 Friends' 1 Provident Institution, Bradford ; an- 

 nual income, 9,500 ; reserved fund, 800,- 

 000. 



A descriptive catalogue of Friends' books, 

 lately published in England, gives in two vol- 

 umes, of over 2,000 closely-printed pages, the 

 complete bibliography of the society from its 

 origin to the present time. The Leominster 

 auxiliary of the Friends' Tract Society issued 

 within the year 286,600 tracts. 



The number of Friends in Ireland is 2,898, 

 of whom 1,320 are males, and 1,578 females; 

 net increase during the year, 21. 



4. NORWAY. The yearly meeting of the 

 Friends of Norway was numerously attended 

 by members, some of whom had travelled long 

 distances over the difficult routes of that coun- 

 try. Much interest was added to the meeting by 

 the presence of Mado Larsen, a young Friend, 

 of Denmark, who had been the means of con- 

 verting many in his own country, and had gone 

 to Norway on a missionary visit. Most of the 

 Norwegian Quakers are in humble circum- 

 stances, peasants or fishermen. They evince 

 much attachment to their sect and its princi- 

 ples, which they show in readiness to make 

 personal sacrifice. 



5. MADAGASCAR. The Friends' principal 

 mission is in Madagascar. The accounts from it 

 are very flattering. The missionaries find them- 

 selves well received by the natives wherever 

 they go in their long journeys, and their teach- 

 ings attentively listened to. 



6. AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA. The Friends 

 in Australia and Tasmania held their first at- 

 tempt at a general representative meeting of 

 their community in those regions in 1869. There 

 are members of the society in New South 

 Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia,- 



FUAD, MEHMED. 



285 



Tasmania, and New Zealand. Most of these 

 are, however, located in the neighborhood of 

 the five cities of Melbourne, Hobart Town, 

 Sydney, Ballarat, and Adelaide. Eegular Qua- 

 ker meetings are held at Melbourne and Bal- 

 larat, in Victoria ; at Adelaide and Mount Bar- 

 ker, in South Australia; at Brisbane, in Queens- 

 land ; at Sydney, in New South Wales ; and at 

 Hobart Town and Swan Port, in Tasmania. 

 Of these, the congregation at Melbourne is the 

 largest, and numbers about seventy. The num- 

 ber in the society is about 300. They were 

 contemplating establishing a boarding-school 

 for the especial education of their own people. 

 FTJAD, MEHMED, Pacha, a Turkish states- 

 man and author, born in Constantinople in 1814 ; 

 died at Nice, France, February 12, 1869. He 

 was a son of the celebrated Turkish poet, Izzeb- 

 Effendi Kitchegizade, better known under the 

 name of Izzeb-Mollah, and nephew of Leila 

 Khatoun, one ot the very few Ottoman poetess- 

 es. He spent his early youth first in cultivating 

 literature, and afterward in studying medicine, 

 which profession he adopted, serving for a 

 short time in the Turkish Navy. Upon quit- 

 ting the service, he entered the interpreter's 

 office of the Government, in which he spent 

 several years qualifying himself for the duties 

 of diplomacy by the study of history, the 

 modern languages, international law, and polit- 

 ical economy. He began his diplomatic career 

 in 1840, as first secretary to a special mission 

 sent by the Sublime Porte to England, in which 

 capacity he gave such evidence of ability of a 

 very high order that, in 1843, he was sent on a 

 special mission to Spain to congratulate Isa- 

 bella II. on her accession to the throne, being 

 at the same time intrusted with a mission to 

 the court of Portugal. Again he gave complete 

 satisfaction, and returned home decorated with 

 Spanish and Portuguese orders. In 1848 he 

 was Ottoman commissioner to the Principali- 

 ties during the troubles which followed the 

 Eevolution of 1848, and he was subsequently 

 employed on special missions to St. Petersburg 

 and Egypt. He was appointed for the first 

 time Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1852, and 

 the events which, during the following year, 

 led to the Crimean War, brought his name more 

 prominently than ever before the world. In 

 the question of the Holy Places, which led to 

 that war, Fuad Pacha took very high ground, 

 resisting the pretensions of Eussia, and publish- 

 ing a pamphlet entitled "The Truth upon the 

 Question of the Holy Places," which excited 

 the indignation of Prince Menschikoff to such 

 a degree that he openly insulted the Turkish 

 minister by refusing to show him certain tokens 

 of respect required by etiquette, and charging 

 him in the presence of a large concourse of 

 people with being guilty of several acts of bad 

 faith toward Eussia. Fuad Pacha immediately 

 tendered his resignation, which he could not 

 be induced to withdraw, and, not long after, 

 the Crimean War commenced, the ex-minister 

 having successfully employed his abilities in 



