PARDEE, RICHARD. 



them. He had still about 5,000 men, but began 

 to be out of ammunition, while his cavalry 

 was poorly mounted. He established his head- 

 quarters at St. Estanislas to collect supplies 

 and men (50 miles from the river Paraguay). 

 The loss of the Brazilians during the struggles 

 in August is said, by Paraguayan sources, to 

 have amounted to 8,000 men. The allies pre- 

 pared to return from Paraguay, and the Ar- 

 gentine contingent was called back. Count 

 d'Eu gave his command to General Polidoro. 



Early in the year, the allies had appointed 

 in Asuncion a provisional government. In 

 August the Provisional Government issued a 

 decree, offering free grants of land along the 

 Upper Parana for the importation of live cattle. 

 The Government also abolished the monopoly 

 on yerba, the Paraguayan tea. This was the 

 only tax imposed upon the people by the late 

 government, and it yielded an immense revenue, 

 the tea being purchased by the government at 

 about twenty-five cents the twenty-five pounds, 

 and sold to exporters at about $8. 



In September, I^opez retired still farther, to 

 San Joaquin, the allies remaining rather in- 

 active, as pursuit became more and more diffi- 

 cult. In November, the Brazilians crossed the 

 Tejui-Guaza River, and surrounded the position 

 of Lopez, which was promptly abandoned, the 

 Paraguayans being closely pursued by cavalry, 

 which pushed on to Ingatime, where machinery 

 for making gunpowder was found and de- 

 stroyed. Lopez then retreated beyond the Mar- 

 acaya. The latest news from the seat of war 

 was very contradictory. The allies several times 

 reported the flight of Lopez to Bolivia ; but 

 these reports were up to the end of the year 

 found to be incorrect, as he still continued 

 his guerilla warfare. At the close of the year 

 the Argentine, as well as a considerable por- 

 tion of the Brazilian troops, were called home, 

 a small force being regarded as sufficient to pre- 

 vent the return of Lopez to power. 



PARDEE, RICHARD G., a promoter and 

 organizer of Sabbath-schools, and an author, 

 born in Sharon, Schoharie County, N. Y., 

 October 12, 1811 ; died in New York, Feb- 

 ruary 4, 1869. The first sixteen years of his 

 life were spent upon his father's farm, attend- 

 ing, as he had opportunity, the district school. 

 In 1828 he went to Seneca Falls, where he 

 acted for a short time as clerk in the post- 

 office, and afterward obtained a situation in a 

 dry-goods store. In 1840 he removed to Pal- 

 myra, in Wayne County, and was there engaged 

 in business until 1852, when he removed to 

 Geneva, and a year later to New York City, 

 having accepted the position of General 

 Agent for the New York Sunday-school 

 Union. Here he remained for a period of 

 ten years, exhibiting marked enterprise and 

 efficiency in the management of the affairs of 

 the Union, developing and extending its in- 

 fluence until it became a conspicuous feature 

 in the religious institutions of that city. 

 About 1863 he resigned his position in order 



PEABODY, GEORGE. 



557 



to labor more effectually in the Sunday-school, 

 although, at the same time, ho entered into 

 the employment of a life-insurance company. 

 During the last five years of his life he visited 

 nearly every State in the Union, attending 

 conventions, lecturing before Sunday-schools, 

 and everywhere showing an indefatigable as- 

 siduity in the promotion of the Sunday-school 

 work, laboring among all denominations alike. 

 He was the author of a volume entitled " The 

 Sabbath-school Index," several articles in re- 

 ligious periodicals, giving his experiences in, 

 and views on, Sunday-school matters, and also 

 of a work on horticulture. 



PARK, ROSWELL, D. D., an Episcopal cler- 

 gyman, college professor and president, and 

 author, born in Conn., in 1807 ; died in Chicago, 

 111., July 16, 1869. He entered the United 

 States Military Academy at West Point in 

 July, 1827, and graduated in 1831, ranking 

 first in his class. He was immediately ap- 

 pointed second-lieutenant of the Corps of 

 Engineers, and served as assistant-engineer 

 in the construction of Fort Adams, Newport 

 Harbor, from 1831 to 1833 ; of Fort Warren, 

 Boston Harbor, from 1833 to 1836, and of 

 the Delaware Breakwater, at the mouth of 

 Delaware Bay, in 1836. On the 30th of Sep- 

 tember, 1836, he resigned his commission, and 

 was immediately appointed Professor of Nat- 

 ural Philosophy and Chemistry in the Univer- 

 sity of Pennsylvania, where he remained till 



1842. In 1842 he received deacon's, and, in 



1843, priest's orders in the Protestant Episco- 

 pal Church, and was, for two years, employed 

 in the pastorate. But teaching was his appro- 

 priate vocation, and, in 1845, we find him the 

 Principal of Christ-Church Hall, a high-school 

 in Pomfret, Conn., which he conducted with 

 great success till 1852. In 1850, Norwich 

 University, Yt., conferred on him the honorary 

 degree of D. D., and called him to the presi- 

 dency of the university. He declined, but 

 two years later accepted the presidency of 

 Racine College, Wisconsin, retaining the posi- 

 tion till 1859, and serving as chancellor of the 

 college from 1859 to 1863. In 1863 he re- 

 moved to Chicago, and founded a literary and 

 scientific school for young men near that city, 

 to which he gave the name of Immanuel Hall. 

 Of this school he was the rector and proprie- 

 tor till his death. Dr. Park had a high repu- 

 tation as a physicist, and kept up his acquaint- 

 ance with physical science through life. He 

 was the author of " A Sketch of the History 

 of West Point," 1840 ; "Pantology, or a Sys- 

 tematic Survey of Human Knowledge," 1841 ; 

 " Hand-Book for American Travellers in Eu- 

 rope," 1853; "Jerusalem and Other Poems," 

 1857, and a number of occasional addresses, 

 lectures, etc. 



PEABODY, GEORGE, a banker of London, 

 and the most liberal philanthropist of an- 

 cient or modern times, born in Danvers, Mass., 

 February 18, 1795 ; died in London, Eng., No- 

 vember 4, 1869. He was descended from a 



