38 



ARKANSAS. 



ton, from Cairo, 111., to Fulton, Ark., which 

 is to be completed by January, 1874 ; the 

 Missouri, Kansas, & Texas, from St. Louis to 

 Galveston, already completed to Red River ; 

 and those already mentioned as receiving aid 

 from the State. No less than 86 railroad com- 

 panies have been incorporated since July 28, 

 18G8, under the general incorporation laws. 



In 1860 the taxable property of Arkansas 

 was set down at $120,475,236. On this a State 

 tax was raised, amounting to $204,160.56. In 

 1865 the property was valued at $38,723,449, 

 and on this a tax of $387,234.49 was raised. In 

 1868 the taxable property was reported at 

 $68,699,716, and on this $2,342,047.77 was 

 paid in taxes. The last report placed the prop- 

 erty at $69,320,426, and the tax at $743,627.70. 



The educational interests of the State are 

 gradually improving. The Agricultural College 

 has been located at Fayetteville, Washington 

 County; and a movement is on foot for found- 

 ing a State Female College at Little Rock. 

 Prof. William F. Roberts has been appointed 

 State geologist, in pursuance of an act of the 

 last Legislature and has begun a survey of the 

 State, with a view to ascertaining its mineral 

 resources. The fourth annual fair of the 

 Arkansas State Agricultural and Mechanical 

 Association was held in the early part of Octo- 

 ber, and gave evidence of a growing interest 

 and success in the industrial pursuits of the 

 State. 



The hot and medicinal springs of Arkan- 

 sas are attracting considerable attention by 

 the benefits derived by invalids from their use. 

 They are 54 in number, and are located about 

 60 miles southwest of Little Rock. Their tem- 

 perature varies from 100 to 150 Fahr. They 

 are classified as arsenic, alum, iron, and mag- 

 nesia springs, but contain various other min- 

 eral substances besides those by which they are 

 designated. Many remarkable cures are re- 

 ported as the result of systematic bathing in 

 these waters. 



According to official authority, there are 

 in the State 1,714,466 acres of improved land, 

 3,791,873 of woodland, and 1,601,254 of other 

 unimproved land. The cash value of farms is 

 $36,457,476; of farming implements and ma- 

 chinery, $2,112,020; total amount of wages 

 paid during the year, including value of board, 

 $3,907,188. The number of horses is 83,952 ; 

 of mules and asses, 33,381; of milch-cows, 

 119,607; of working-oxen, 31,673; of other 

 cattle, 179,431; of sheep, 149,592; of swine, 

 772,662 ; value of all live-stock, $15,795,971. 

 The productions were 683,691 bushels of 

 wheat, 23,422 of rye, 12,208,044 of corn, 486,- 

 425 of oats, 46,477 of peas and beans, 399,927 

 of Irish and 859,842 of sweet potatoes, 73,021 

 pounds of rice, 529,110 of tobacco, 203,275 of 

 wool, 2,531,011 of butter, 12,047 of wax, 261,- 

 824 of honey; 221,546 bales of cotton, 6,806 

 tons of hay, and 60,272 gallons of cane and 

 138,859 of sorghum molasses; value of home 

 manufactures, $723,979; of slaughtered ani- 



mals, $3,466,152; estimated value of all farm 

 products, including betterments and additions 

 to stock, $36,524,608. 



The following are more full details of the 

 census of 1870 : 



The number of manufacturing establish- 

 ments in the State is 1,8 64; capital, $2,137,738; 

 steam-engines, 300, with 6,980 horse-power; 

 water-wheels, 134, with 1,599 horse-power; 

 employing 4,133 males above 16, 48 females 

 above 16, and 271 youth; wages paid during 

 the year, $754,950; value of materials used, 

 $4,823,651; of products, $7,699,676. Of the 

 manufactories, the most important are, 283 

 establishments for ginning cotton, with a capi- 

 tal of $344,825 ; 85 for the manufacture of 

 leather, capital $32,100; 212 saw-mills, capi- 

 tal $694,400 ; 13 wool-carding establishments, 



