AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN MONARCHY. 



61 



form election abuses, to develop the landwehr 

 system, and to improve the pecuniary condi- 

 tion of Government officials and the poorer 

 clergy, will be submitted. The prompt settle- 

 ment of the educational questions is recom- 

 mended. Regret is expressed at the fact that 

 a portion of the empire remains unrepresented 

 in the Reichsrath, where alone the attainment 

 of an understanding is possible. The deputies 

 are exhorted to supply the spiritual and mate- 

 rial wants of the country. The Emperor closes 

 by declaring that Austria, weary of internal 

 conflicts, desires peace and order; the times 

 were never more prosperous ; the aspect of 

 Europe and the foreign relations of the empire 

 are favorable for the maintenance of peace and 

 the unification of Austria. The Lower House 

 of the Reichsrath elected Herr Hopfen Presi- 

 dent, and Herren Vidulich and Gross Vice- 

 Presidents. 



The following table shows the circulation 

 of newspapers, in every province of Austria, 

 in the years 1860 and 1870 : 



Count Karl August Hohenwart, who, on 

 February 7, 1871, was appointed Prime Minis- 

 ter of cis-Leithan Austria, was born at Vienna 

 in 1824 ; studied law at the Theresian Ritter- 

 akademie in Vienna ; entered the service of 

 the state in 1845 ; became in 1867 Stadtholder 

 of Carinthia, and in 1868 Stadtholder of Upper 

 Austria. The chief feature of the policy pur- 

 sued by Count Hohenwart as prime minister 

 was the attempt to satisfy the national de- 

 mands of the Czechs of Bohemia and the Poles 

 of Galicia. In order to carry out this policy, 

 he sought to enlist in his support all the non- 

 German nationalities of cis-Leithan Austria, as 

 well as the Catholic party and the chief aris- 

 tocracy. He resigned in November, when the 

 Emperor of Austria declined to fulfil the large 

 promises which had been made to the Czechic 

 majority of the Bohemian Diet. 



Prince Adolf Auersperg, who, in November, 

 1871, succeeded Count Hohenwart as Prime 

 Minister of cis-Leithan Austria, was born on 

 July 21, 1821. He entered the army at an 

 early age, and became a major. His political 

 career began in February, 1867, when he was 

 elected by the class of large land proprietors 

 member of the Bohemian Diet. A few months 

 later he was appointed Chief Land Marshal of 

 Bohemia, and as such presided for about three 



years over the Diet, and the Provincial Com- 

 mittee at Prague. On March 15, 1870, he was 

 appointed President of the Province of Salz- 

 burg, which office he held until he was ap- 

 pointed prime minister. He was one of the 

 few chiefs of provinces who, during the admin- 

 istration of Count Hohenwart, remained in full 

 sympathy with the German Liberal party which 

 opposed the change of the Constitution. In 

 opening the provincial Diet of Salzburg in Sep- 

 tember, 1871, he eulogized the people of Salz- 

 burg for their characteristic fidelity to the em- 

 pire and the Constitution. The Catholic Fed- 

 eralistic party demand his removal from office 

 on account of this address. He was married 

 to Countess Johanna Festetics, born on June 

 15, 1830, by whom he has five children (two 

 sons and three daughters). Most of the mem- 

 bers of the new cabinet, of which Prince Auers- 

 perg is the chief, have served in previous min- 

 istries. 



Dr. Rudolf Brestel, who has the courage to 

 undertake the most difficult post among all the 

 ministries of Austria that of finance was 

 born at Vienna, in 1816. His chief studies in 

 youth were philosophy and mathematics. 

 From 1844 to 1848 he filled the office of Assist- 

 ant Professor of Elementary Mathematics at 

 the Vienna University, and became a member 

 of the Austrian Reichsrath in 1848. He en- 

 tered subsequently the profession of journal- 

 ism. He has held the post of secretary at the 

 Credit Institution for Trade and Commerce 

 since 1856. In 1861 he was elected to the 

 Lower Austrian Diet, and thence passed into 

 the Reichsrath. He is known as a ready 

 speaker, and a firm adherent of the u Consti- 

 tutional " Austrian party. 



Baron von Lasser, the Minister of the In- 

 terior, was previously a member of the Cabi- 

 net Schmerling. 



Dr. Glaser, the Minister of Justice, is pro- 

 fessor at the University, and deputy to the 

 Reichsrath from the city of Vienna. "When 

 Hassner was prime minister, he was chief of 

 a section in the ministry of Public Instruction. 



Dr. von Stremayr, the Minister of Public 

 Instruction and Worship, was a minister under 

 Potocki, and is deputy of Styria to the Reichs- 

 rath. 



Dr. Banhans was a minister under Hassner, 

 and is deputy for Bohemia. 



(For Count Beust, who resigned the office of 

 Chancellor of the Empire and Minister of For- 

 eign Affairs in November, 1871, see BEUST.) 



Prince Carlos Wilhelm PMlipp Auersperg, 

 who, in November, 1871, was appointed Presi- 

 dent of the Herrenhaus of cis-Leithan Aus- 

 tria, is the elder brother of Prince Adolf, and 

 was born on May 1, 1814, at Prague. He is the 

 chief of the younger line of the princely house 

 of Auersperg, and, as such, an hereditary mem- 

 ber of the Austrian Reichsrath. He has pre- 

 viously been President of the Austrian Herren- 

 haUs from 1863 to 1865. On December 30th he 

 was appointed President of the cis-Leithan 



