CALIFORNIA. 



80 



mates of the expenditures and receipts of feed- were known to be divided pretty equally be- 

 ing 4,000,000 silk-worms to be produced from tween the two parties, but there had been no 

 100 ounces of eggs. They would consume the practical test of their position, and no expres- 

 leaves of 500 mulberry-trees, ten years old, and sion of their sentiments in public convention 

 covering four and a half acres, for the rent of for two years. Henry H. Haight, the Govern- 

 which he allows $100 per acre; for rent of the or, was elected by Democratic votes in 1867, 

 cocoonery, $500 ; for 100 ounces of eggs, $250 ; but a portion of his party was opposed to his 

 for ten hands at $1 per day, to attend to the renomination. Several Democratic journals 

 worms during the first twelve days, $120 ; for were outspoken and vigorous in their opposi- 

 twenty hands, ten days, $200; for thirty-five tion; and, on the very morning of the State 

 hands, ten days, $350 ; for five hands, eighteen Convention at Sacramento, the recognized or- 

 days (after the feeding is done), $90 ; for su- gan of the party throughout the State, pub- 

 perinteudence, $300 ; miscellaneous expendi- lished in that city, said : " We can see no hope 

 tures, $500; total, $2,760. The product he for the success of the ticket with Governor 

 estimates at 6,000 pounds of reeling cocoons, Haight at the head of it. By all means, gen- 

 at $1.50, $9,000 ; 250 ounces of eggs, at $2.50, tlemen of the convention, give us some other 

 $625 ; perforated cocoons and waste, $25. To- man. Can the Democratic party afford to lose 

 tal gross receipts, $9,650 ; net profit, $6,890. a United States Senator this fall ? It may be 

 The exports from San Francisco over the set down as a fixed fact that, with Governor 

 Central Pacific Railroad for the first ten months Haight at the head of the ticket, it will be beat 

 of the year, and the corresponding period in several thousand votes in San Francisco, and 

 1870, were as follows: we will lose twelve Assemblymen, and (with 



San Mateo) three Senators." The principal 



ARTICLES. TEN MONTHS. i S3U Q in ^ Q con ^ es ^ re i a t e d to the policy of 



is?o. isn. granting subsidies to railroads, to which a 



strong popular hostility had sprung up. It 



Tea ^noese 13 'li'949 was wel1 known th ^ Governor Haight had 



Wine .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' .' .' ." .' .' ! ! .' .' '.'.'.'. 1,011,312 l,692,'2io signed a number of bills making grants to rail- 

 Wool 5,679,36-1 15,970,384 roads, and authorizing the taxation of towns 



Hop" on ::::::'.v.::::::::::::::::::: ^S SSioS and cities to . aid in their construction, and tins 



Leather.'....'..'.'.'.'.'."!.'.'.'.*.'.'.'!.'!!!! 675^390 1,26.^709 was the main ground of opposition to his re- 



wliaiebon'e ^'649 election, although he now publicly condemned 



Cotton ...'.'.' . .' ! . . ." !.' !!!!!.'!!!! !!!!!! 125 520 the subsidizing policy, and even expressed th e 



_ ij,8jg belief that it was unconstitutional. That ques- 



Quicksiiver! !!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!! ....'.'. I37,'i34 tion was decided, however, by the Supreme 



Coffee ! ! . . ' 22,560 8S3J557 Court, in favor of the power of the Legislature 



CrSdemetaiV ""'.!'.'*!!'*'"''! 8 &384 under the constitution to make the grants and 



Kowrie-gum. !!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!! 71/J95 authorize cities and towns to do so, however 



Total pounds ~^m l^l^T im P olitic ** mi ? h ' be { \ its f\ e *f* 



increase ...... 27,786,825 was rendered in the suit of the Stockton & 



" Visalia Railroad Company against the city of 



The weight of tea and coftee forwarded to Stockton, which had refused to pay the tax 



the East by rail, for the year ending November authorized by the Legislature. It was objected 



lst w iows : to the statute that it authorized taking private 



MONTHS. Tea. Coffee. property from one class of persons for the 



' benefit of another. The constitution provides, 



2 cembe" ?.* !!! !!.'!::!! SIS? ho wever, that private property may be taken 



January (1871) ..'.'.! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 457,T77 ! ! ! for " public use," if just compensation be paid. 



Ma b rch ar ! ls iS ' ' ' Jus tice Wallace discussed the meaning of the 



April..'.".*.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.!!!'.!!'. 53s'862 phrase "public use" at much length, and con- 



Mj^e .'!.'!!!!!!!!!! 182,153 ib^oao eluded that the Stockton & Visalia Railroad 



July 3 ...'.'..."....'.'.'.'.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 106^205 6706l was a public use, because the Legislature had 



August !..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.!!!!!!! i,W,644 123*540 treated it as such. The power of the State 



Ocfob?r b !"!!!:'.'.'.'V.!!: {ffig {g'S government to foster and regulate internal 



'" 1__J ! . improvements was unquestionable; many of 



Total pounds 14,706,621 1 1,590.496 the States had exercised that power in refer- 



During the ten months preceding, the ex- ence to railroads, in one form or another ; and 



ports of tea by the same route had been the hi S hest courts of a m$ority ot the States 



January 73,661 June.... ' 63 408 lia ve held that such exercise is constitutional. 



February. ..!!'.. '.!'.*. 71*450 July.'..'."."!!!!!!!!!!! iob'o90 Justice Wallace quotes and refers to a long ar- 



fe h 5 1^|1 A " s t u , st L- 234',373 ray of decisions in other States, the great pre- 



iiS?.:::::;::::;:::; l^ octS:;::;;!!:: S1;S1 ponderance of authority being in favor of the 



conclusions which he adopts, that such subsi- 



Total pounds 1,704,296 dies are consti tutional. 



^The political campaign of 1871 in Califor- The Democratic delegates assembled at Sac- 

 ma, was one of unusual interest. The people ramento on the 21st of June, and put in nomi- 



