CENTRAL AMERICA. 



Gary's published works were : " Clovernook 

 Papers," two series (1851 and 1853); "The 

 Clovernook Children" (1854); "Lyra, and 

 other Poems " (1853), and an enlarged edition, 

 including "The Maiden of Tlascala," in 1855 ; 

 " Hagar, a Story of To-day " (1852) ; " Mar- 

 ried, Not Mated " (1856) ; " Pictures of Coun- 

 try Life ' (1859) ; " Lyrics and Hymns " (1866) ; 

 " The Bishop's Son " (1867) ; " The Lover's Di- 

 ary " (1867) ; " Snow Berries, a Book for Young 

 Folks " (1869). Her last illness was protract- 

 ed, and attended with much suffering, but wa9 

 borne with great patience and cheerfulness. 



II. PHCBBE, younger sister of the preceding, 

 born in Hamilton County, O., in 1825 ; died at 

 Newport, R. I., July 31, 1871. Her advan- 

 tages of early education were somewhat better 

 than her sister's, of whom she early became 

 the almost inseparable companion. They were 

 very different both in temperament and figure, 

 and in mental constitution, but the one admira- 

 bly supplemented the other, Phoebe began to 

 write verse at the age of seventeen crudely 

 and imperfectly, she herself said ; and yet one 

 of her earliest poems, written in 1842, was 

 that one so widely known the world over, and 

 which has been of such comfort to thousands, 

 entitled "Nearer Home," and commencing 

 " One sweetly solemn thought." Of the vol- 

 ume, "Poems of Alice and Phoebe Cary," pub- 

 lished in Philadelphia in 1850, only about one- 

 third were written by Phoebe. In their house- 

 keeping in New York, she took, from choice 

 (Alice being for many years an invalid), the 

 larger share of the household duties, and hence 

 found less leisure for literary labor than she 

 otherwise might have done. She wrote very 

 little prose, and her poetry was so different in 

 style, so much more buoyant in tone, and inde- 

 pendent in manner, that no one could mistake 

 the effusions of the one sister for those of the 

 other. To most readers, however, Phoebe's 

 poems would be more attractive than those of 

 Alice. In society she was brilliant and witty, 

 but always kindly and genial. Her published 

 works, aside from her share in the Philadel- 

 phia volume, already noticed, were " Poems 

 and Parodies " (1854) ; " Poems of Faith, Hope, 

 and Love" (1868); and a large share of the 

 " Hymns for all Christians," compiled by Rev. 

 Dr. Deems in 1869. She had written a very 

 beautiful and touching tribute to her sister's 

 memory, published in the Ladies' Repository 

 a few days before her own death. She had 

 enjoyed robust health till her sister's death; 

 but her constitution, weakened by her intense 

 sorrow, was shattered by exposure to mala- 

 rious disease, and she did not rally from the 

 intensity of the attack, though removed to 

 Newport in the hope that a change of air 

 might prove beneficent. 



CENTRAL AMERICA.* There are at pres- 

 ent in Central America five independent repub- 

 lics : Costa Rica, Guatemala, San Salvador, Nic- 



* See AMERICAN CYCLOPAEDIA for 1869, for details of 

 area and population. 



VOL. xi. 7 A 



aragua, and Honduras. Their area and popu- 

 lation were, in 1869, 178,700 square miles, with 

 2,665,000 inhabitants. 



COSTA RICA. President of the Republic, 

 Tomas Guardia; minister resident of the 

 United States, J. B. Blair, in San Jose". The 

 public revenue amounted, in the year 1867-'68, 

 to $1,501,786, the expenditures to $1,594,427. 

 The foreign debt in 1868 was $104,500; the 

 claims of native creditors were, in 1867, esti- 

 mated at $3,000,000. 



GUATEMALA. Provisional President of the 

 Republic, M. G. Granados (1869-'72) ; minister 

 resident of the United States, S. A. Hudson, in 

 Guatemala; Minister of Guatemala and San 

 Salvador, at Washington, M. J. Vela. Public 

 revenue, in 1869, $1,885,532; expenditures 

 likewise $1,885,532. The annual average of the 

 exports from 1863-'68 was 1,794,061 piasters; 

 the annual average of exports, 9,184,429 pias- 

 ters. 



SAN SALVADOR. Provisional President of 

 the Republic, General Santiago Gonzalez 

 (1871-1872). In the budget for 1869, the 

 revenue amounted to $830,371; the expen- 

 diture to $802,802. The consolidated public 

 debt amounted, in 1869, to $705,800. An- 

 nual amortization, $24,587; floating debt, 

 $84,264. The imports in 1869 (exclusive of 

 precious metals) were valued at $2,389,454; 

 the exports at $3,768,357. 



NICARAGUA. President of the Republic, 

 Vicente Cuadra, elected February 1, 1871 ; 

 minister resident of the United States, in 1870, 

 C. N. Riotte ; minister resident of Nicaragua 

 at Washington, in 1870, J. R. Perez. Revenue, 

 in 1865, $632,471; expenditure, $630,120; ex- 

 penditure, in 1868, $517,709. The public debt 

 is estimated at $4,000,000. Imports in 1869, 

 $914,648; exports, $924.031. The ports of 

 Realejo (or Coniito) and San Juan del Sur, 

 which are situated on the Pacific coast, were 

 in 1870 visited by 19 vessels, among which 

 were 7 German and 4 English. 



HONDURAS. President of the Republic, Cap- 

 tain-General J. M. Medina, reflected in Feb- 

 ruary, 1866, and again proclaimed President 

 in 1869. The United States Government is 

 represented by H. Baxter, minister resident 

 at Comayagua. Revenue, about $400,000 an- 

 nually ; expenditure, about $185,000 ; total 

 public debt, in 1868, $1,050,000; consolidated 

 debt, $600,000, for the redemption of which 

 the import duties at the port of Truxillo, and 

 a part of those at Amapala, are pledged. 



On February 1st the Government of Hon- 

 duras declared war against President Dueflas, 

 of San Salvador. At the same time, a revolu- 

 tion broke out against him in San Salvador, 

 the leaders of which acted in concert with the 

 Government of Honduras. Several prominent 

 generals left Duefias and joined the Honduras 

 party. General Torbert, United States minister 

 to San Salvador, addressed a note to the Gov- 

 ernment, on behalf of England and the United 

 States, regarding the war, notifying it that 



