246 



DARBOY, GEORGES. 



DEGUEERY, GASPARD. 



the ranks of the party. Van Buren, one of the 

 earliest political associates of Mr. Croswell, 

 headed one faction, which was opposed by the 

 Argus, and, as a consequence, the political in- 

 fluence of the editor declined. The Argus, 

 however, was still a power in the State, and 

 it invariably supported the Democratic candi- 

 dates for national offices. In 1854, after an 

 editorial career of forty years, Mr. Croswell 

 retired from the Argus, and from all connec- 

 tion with journalism. His public life had 

 been most eventful. Few men who have 

 wielded his influence have been less ambitious 

 of personal aggrandizement than he was. One 

 of the Warwicks of the State, he sought no 

 office excepting that of State printer, although 



it is certain that, had he desired personal pro- 

 motion, he couldreadily have obtained it. He 

 was, however, content with his position as a 

 journalist, who could make and unmake pub- 

 lic men with an editorial article, and whose 

 mandates no leading Democratic politician ven- 

 tured to disobey for more than sixteen years. 

 On his retirement from journalism, Mr. Cros- 

 well came to New York City and engaged in 

 business pursuits. Not long ago we saw it 

 stated that he had been unsuccessful, and had 

 lost all his fortune. Personally, Mr. Cros- 

 well was a man of strict integrity, genial, hos- 

 pitable, and generous, one of the gentlemen 

 of the old school, of whom so few now remain 

 among us. 



D 



DARBOY, Most Rev. GEOBGES, D. D., Arch- 

 bishop of Paris, a Roman Catholic prelate, au- 

 thor, and Senator of France, born at Fayl Bil- 

 lot (Haute Marne), France, January 16, 1813 ; 

 was shot by order of the leaders of the Com- 

 mune, May 24, 1871. He was educated at the 

 seminary of Langres, whence he graduated 

 with high honors; was ordained priest in 1836, 

 and appointed vicar of St. Dizier, near Vassy. 

 In 1839 he was made Professor of Philosophy 

 in the large seminary of Langres, and in 1841 

 Professor of Dogmatic Theology in the same 

 institution. In 1844, the seminary being put 

 in charge of one of the religious orders, M. 

 Darboy left the diocese and came to Paris, 

 where Archbishop Affre made him almoner of 

 the College of Henry IV., and honorary canon 

 of the metropolis. Archbishop Sibour, who 

 succeeded Affre, assigned to him the direction 

 of the Moniteur Catholique, appointed him 

 first almoner of the College of Henry IV., and 

 honorary vicar-general, with a commission to 

 inspect the religious instruction of the collegi- 

 ate schools (lycees) of the diocese. In Novem- 

 ber, 1854, he accompanied the Archbishop to 

 Rome, where the Pope conferred on him the 

 title of protlionotary apostolic. He was named 

 the next year titular Vicar-General of Paris, 

 and in 1859 Bishop of Nancy. On January 

 10, 1863, he was designated as the successor 

 of Archbishop Malot in the Archiepiscopal See 

 of Paris; he was publicly announced the 16th 

 of March and installed the 22d of April in the 

 same year. On the 8th of January following, 

 he was appointed grand-almoner of the Em- 

 peror (Napoleon III.), and called to the Sen- 

 ate October 5, 1864. In 1866 he was made a 

 member of the Imperial Council of Instruction, 

 and had passed through the various grades of 

 advancement in the Legion of Honor till he was 

 made Grand-Officer in 1868. His murder was 

 one of the many atrocious crimes committed 

 by the Commune, and was one of their latest 

 acts of malignity when they found that the 

 power was passing from their grasp. He had 



been seized as a hostage by the Commune on 

 the 5th of April ; but, though with his feeble 

 health his imprisonment was an act of cruel- 

 ty, it was not supposed that his life was in 

 danger until the fatal day, when he with about 

 sixty other hostages was called out and shot 

 down in cold blood, the ruffians cursing him 

 as they murdered him. The Archbishop was 

 a somewhat prolific writer. He had trans- 

 lated in 1845, with introduction and notes, the 

 works of St. Dionysius, the Areopagite; had 

 published "Women of the Bible," 2 vols. 

 (1848-'49); "Holy Women " (1850) ; a trans- 

 lation of & Kempis's "Imitation of Jesus 

 Christ," illustrated (1852); "Life of St. Thom- 

 as d Becket " (1859) ; and had contributed to 

 " The Lives of the Saints," etc. He had also 

 published many controversial pamphlets. 



DEGUERRY, or Du GUEKKY, the Abb6 

 GASPAKD, an eminent French scholar and pul- 

 pit orator, cure 1 of the Madeleine, born at Lyons 

 in 1797; shot by order of the leaders of the 

 Commune at Paris, May 24, 1871. He was of 

 a Swiss family, and obtained his education first 

 at the schools of his native city, and in 1812 

 at the College of Ville Tranche. He studied 

 theology at the same college, and in 1820 was 

 ordained priest. From 1820 to 1824, he was 

 Professor of Philosophy, Eloquence, and The- 

 ology, and from that time devoted himself to 

 his calling as a preacher. He possessed rare 

 powers as a pulpit orator, and his eloquence 

 had the unusual characteristic of so impress- 

 ing itself on the minds of his hearers as to be 

 remembered for years. In 1824 he preached 

 in Lyons, in 1825-'27 in Paris, and the latter 

 year he was appointed by Charles X. chaplain 

 and almoner of the Sixth Regiment of the 

 Royal Guard, which he accompanied at Or- 

 leans, Rouen, and Paris, for the next three 

 years. In 1828 he delivered an oration at Or- 

 leans on Jeanne d'Arc ; and, twenty-eight years 

 after, so vividly was it remembered, that he 

 was called to pronounce another to her mem- 

 ory in that city at the inauguration of an 



