366 



GERMANY. 



A new census of the German States was 

 taken in December, 1871. The population of 

 the largest cities, as far as can be ascertained 

 from the preliminary reports, was as follows 

 (in several large cities no reports had been 

 published when this table was prepared) : 



Population. 

 Berlin .............. 828,013 



Hamburg ........... 337,940 



Breslau ............ 207,901 



Munich, ............ 190,000 



Dresden ............ 177,095 



Elberfeld-Barmcn . . 160,000 

 Cologne ............ 129,500 



Komgsberg ......... 112,000 



Magdeburg ........ 110,000 



Population . 



Dortmund 44,250 



Frankfort - on - the - 



Oder 44,000 



Erfurt 43,316 



Gorlitz 42,693 



Potsdam 42,000 



Darmstadt 46,000 



Mannheim 39.620 



Lubeck 89,500 



Wiesbaden 36,000 



Elbimr 31,135 



Rostock 31.042 



Kiel 30,770 



Duisburg 30,471 



Bonn 26,244 



Stralsund 26,110 



Bamberg 25,740 



Halberstadt 25.336 



Schwerin 25,053 



Zwickau 24,509 



Coblentz 23,531 



Liegnitz 23,035 



Ulm 22,467 



Treves 22,002 



Freiberg 21,786 



Flensburg 21,785 



Nordhausen 21,464 



Munster 21,377 



Plauen 20,508 



Leipsic ............. 107,575 



Hanover ........... 105,500 



Dantzic ............. 100,000 



Stuttgart ........... 91,623 



Frankfort - on - the - 



Main ............ 90,778 



Nuremberg ........ 87,000 



Bremen ............ 82,990 



Aix-la-Chapelle ..... 80,000 



Strasbourg ......... 80,000 



Dueseldorf. ......... 80,000 



Stettin .............. 76.154 



Altona .............. 73^864 



Crefeld ............. 70,000 



Posen ............... 56,932 



Halle-on-the-Saale . . 52,408 



Metz ................ 51,388 



Essen ............... 51,240 



Augsburg ........... 60,451 



Cassel .............. 44,348 



The budget of the North-German Confedera- 

 tion, as fixed for 1871, by law of May 15, 1870, 

 according to which the receipts and expendi- 

 tures amounted each to 77,446,287 thalers, was 

 declared, by law of May 31, 1871, to be the bud- 

 get of the German Empire, with the only modi- 

 fication that the sum of 557,959 thalers should 

 be added to both receipts and expenditures. 



The preparations for the restoration of the 

 German Empire were nearly complete at the 

 close of 1870. On January 18, 1871, King Wil- 

 liam of Prussia assumed at Versailles, in the pres- 

 ence of a number of German princes, the title of 

 German Emperor, and the reestablishment of 

 the empire was officially promulgated. The 

 ratification of the Federal treaties by the Ba- 

 varian Diet completed the consent of the Diets 

 of the German States to this reestablishment. 



The constitutions of the particular states be- 

 longing to the German Empire greatly differ 

 from each other. Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, 

 Wurtemberg, Baden, and Hesse, have two 

 Chambers. The First Chamber in Prussia is 

 called Herrenhaus (House of Lords) ; in Ba- 

 varia, Kammer der Reichsrathe (Chamber of 

 the Imperial Councillors) ; in Wurtemberg, 

 Kammer der Standesherren (Chamber of No- 

 bles). In Prussia, the First Chamber, in 1871, 

 had 66 members entitled to a seat by birth, 

 18 entitled to a seat by their offices, 97 chosen 

 representatives of the nobility and large real- 

 estate owners, 10 representatives of universi- 

 ties, 30 representatives of large cities in all, 

 267 members. The First Chamber in Saxony 

 is composed of the same classes of members. 

 Bavaria has no chosen representatives of the 

 nobility and universities, and no representa- 

 tives of the cities in her First Chamber. The 

 Second Chamber has, in Prussia, 432 mem- 



bers; in Bavaria, 154 ; in Saxony, 80; in Wur- 

 temberg, 93 ; in Baden, 63 ; in Hesse, 50. The 

 other grand-duchies, duchies, and principalities, 

 have only one Chamber each. The two grand- 

 duchies of Mecklenburg have one Diet in com- 

 mon, which consists of 684 nobles, or knights, 

 and 47 representatives of cities and towns. 



The numerical strength of the army of the 

 German Empire is as follows: 



The entire naval force of the German Em- 

 pire in July, 1871, is shown in the following 

 table. According to the original plan of the 

 government, there still remain to be con- 

 structed up to the year 1877: 11 iron-clads 

 and iron vessels, 11 corvettes, 4 avisos, and 3 

 transports. Of these there are in course of 

 construction, 3 iron frigates (Grosser Kur- 

 furst, Friedrich der Grosse, Borussia) ; 1 iron 

 corvette (Hansa) ; 2 corvettes (Ariadne, Luise) ; 

 3 avisos (Loreley [reconstruction], Albatross, 

 Nautilus) ; 2 steamers for harbor service. 



