438 



KENTUCKY. 



CENSUS OF 1870 (Continued). 



Included in the census are a Chinaman and 

 118 Indians. The true value of property was 

 $604,318,552. The public debt, county, town, 

 city, etc., amounted to $15,061,004. The ag- 

 gregate value of farm-products, including bet- 

 terments and additions to stock, was $87,477,- 

 374; 2,234,430 pounds of wool were raised; 

 201,077 white, and 131,050 colored persons, 

 ten years old and over, cannot write, of whom 

 157,239 are males and 174,888 females; of 

 those, 21 years old and over, who cannot 

 write, 43,826 are white males. 



The election on August 7, 1871, resulted in 

 favor of the Democratic party, all its candi- 

 dates having been elected by majorities vary- 

 ing from 36,976 for its Governor, up to 

 41,270 for its Superintendent of Public In- 

 struction. The whole number of votes polled 

 in the State at this election amounted to 

 215,142 ; of which 126,059 were Democratic, 

 89,083 Eepublican, each of these two figures 

 representing the largest vote cast by either 

 party, and given to its candidate for Governor 

 respectively. The new General Assembly con- 

 sisted of 36 Democrats and 3 Republicans in 

 the Upper House, and of 82 Democrats and 18 

 Republicans in the Lower. 



This Assembly met at the regular yearly 

 session on December 4, 1871, and the Governor 

 delivered his message. He most pressingly 

 urged the Legislature to enact laws admitting 

 negro testimony in the courts of the State, 

 and providing effectual means for the suppres- 

 sion of lawlessness and crime committed by 

 organized bands. On the latter point he says, 

 among other things : " Though acts of violence 

 perpetrated by such organized bands are de- 

 creasing in all the sections of the Common- 



wealth, yet we cannot say that they have en- 

 tirely ceased." Concerning the character and 

 strength of the evil, and the remedy needed 

 for its cure, Governor Leslie said : " The law- 

 lessness has, in some instances, assumed an 

 organized form, executing its violence and per- 

 petrating its acts under cover of the night, by 

 bodies of men too powerful to be resisted by 

 the citizens, and so disguised that they cannot 

 be recognized and brought to trial for their 

 misdeeds ; and thus are enabled to defy both 

 the law and its officers. This state of things 

 is deeply to be deplored, and should be cor- 

 rected as speedily as possible. * * * In every 

 instance brought legally to the notice of the 

 Executive, all the means authorized by law 

 have been employed to secure the arrest and 

 trial of the guilty parties." 



The material condition of the State appears 

 to have attained a high degree of prosperity. 



The receipts from all sources within the 

 fiscal year ending October 10, 1871, were 

 $993,076.93, and the expenditures $1,298,- 

 488.49, leaving a deficit of $305,411.86. To 

 this deficit should be added the estimated sum 

 of $75,000 unpaid claims against the Treasury 

 for current expenses, and $181,063.33 unpaid 

 appropriations. 



Public instruction appears to be carefully 

 attended to in Kentucky, and the working 

 of the educational department in the State 

 is represented as " very gratifying and hope- 

 ful." 



Colored children are taught separately, and 

 at their parents' expense. A law was enacted 

 in 1867 "providing that the capitation and 

 other taxes collected from negroes and mulat- 

 toes should be set apart and constitute a sepa- 



