MEXICO. 



509 



Pueblo Viejo, whence, on the 3d, he informed 

 the national Government by telegraph of what 

 had occurred ; and he, in company with some 

 other escaped officials, immediately commenced 

 to organize National Guards to counteract the 

 revolutionary movement. Also, General Co- 

 rella, Second Chief of the Third Division, hap- 

 pened to be in Altamira, seven leagues from 

 Tampico, with his escort, on leave of absence ; 

 he instantly collected some rural police, and 

 interposed them between Tampico and the 

 bar. In this manner the communications of 

 the revolutionists were cut off by a few men. 

 General Ceballos disembarked three hundred 

 men from Vera Cruz on January 8th, with 

 which the positions taken up by Corella were 

 immediately reenforced, just in time to assist 

 in repulsing a sally of two hundred of the rev- 

 olutionists against General Corella in Puente 

 Blanco. The sortie was a vigorous one, for 

 General Corella, Commander Arnally, and 

 Lieutenant Carrillo, of the Government forces, 

 were among the wounded ; but it was repulsed, 

 and the revolutionists, in their retreat, left a 

 mountain-gun, their dead and wounded, and 

 fourteen prisoners. On the following day, 

 Ceballos disembarked the remainder of his 

 force, and on the morning of the 9th the rev- 

 olutionists endeavored to surprise an advanced 

 force at Andonegni, but were repulsed, leav- 

 ing several dead on the ground. General 

 Rocha, with a brigade, rapidly advanced on 

 Tampico from San Luis Potosi, and took com- 

 mand of the besieging army. A decree of 

 President Juarez closed the port of Tampico 

 while the revolutionists were in possession of 

 the city, meanwhile opening the port of Puer- 

 to Viejo to both the foreign and domestic ship- 

 ping. The siege of the city lasted until June 

 llth, when it was taken by assault. General 

 Rocha, the commander of the Federal troops, 

 telegraphed to his Government that all the 

 officers of the insurgents were killed. Rocha 

 himself, with two of his generals, Ceballos 

 and Alcantara, was wounded. 



The presidential election, which had kept 

 the country for many months in extraordinary 

 excitement, began on June 25th, when the pri- 

 mary elections were held. A large plurality 

 of the electors chosen was in favor of the re- 

 election of President Juarez, but, as he did not 

 receive an absolute majority, the election de- 

 volved upon Congress, which on October 12th 

 reflected Juarez President of the republic in 

 accordance with the general expectation. The 

 voting was as follows: 108 for Juarez, 3 for 

 Diaz, 5 blanks ; 53 members abstained from 

 voting. In the name of the latter, Roberto 

 Esteva protested against the validity of the 

 election, on the ground that the Government 

 had interfered with the freedom of the primary 

 and secondary elections. 



The sixth national Congress, which had been 

 eleoted in July, met in September. At the 

 preliminary meeting, which took place on Sep- 

 tember 1st, the number of members present 



was 147, the whole number in Congress being 

 227. The meeting resulted favorably for 

 Juarez ; the President of the temporary organ- 

 ization and the committee on credentials were 

 Juarezists, being chosen by a vote of 79 to 68. 

 At the permanent organization of Congress, 

 Gabriel Mancera was elected President and 

 Francisco Lerdo Tejada Vice-President. 



Even before the reelection of Juarez had 

 been officially declared, new insurrectionary 

 attempts were made by the adherents of Diaz 

 and Lerdo de Tejada, in different parts of the 

 country. On October 1st, the city of Mexico 

 itself was the scene of a sanguinary insurrec- 

 tion. A corps of gendarmes, and part of the 

 Thirteenth Regiment of cavalry, numbering in 

 all four hundred men, surprised the citadel, 

 and fortified themselves therein by the aid of 

 eight hundred prisoners whom they had re- 

 leased from the jail. The leaders of the revolt 

 were Generals Negrete, Toledo, Riveras, and 

 Echavarria. The remainder of the city garri- 

 son proved loyal, and, under command of Gen- 

 erals Rocha, Alatorre, and Alejandro Garcia, 

 promptly attacked the insurgents, and at mid- 

 night the national troops, under General Rocha, 

 carried the citadel by assault. The four lead- 

 ers of the revolt had left before the attack, 

 and escaped. All the officers and sergeants 

 of the insurgent force were killed, and also 

 the ringleaders of the released prisoners. Up 

 to ten o'clock the next morning no less than 

 two hundred and fifty insurgents had been 

 shot. Governor Castro was killed by Rivera, 

 whom he was pursuing. The insurrectionary 

 movements assumed a much more formidable 

 aspect when, at the close of September, Gen- 

 eral Trevino, the Governor of Nuevo Leon, in 

 union with Pedro Martinez, the imperialist 

 General Quiroga, General Naranjo, and others, 

 declared against Juarez. He left Monterey in 

 the last days of September for a suburb six 

 miles distant. On the day following an offi- 

 cial followed him, and announced the arrest 

 of all the Federal officials in Monterey, and 

 the smaller cities of the State. Trevino ap- 

 proved of the act, and issued a pronuncia- 

 miento in favor of General Diaz, declaring 

 Juarez's election fraudulent, and his adminis- 

 tration guilty of corruption and tyranny, and 

 that reforms were necessary. He then re- 

 turned to Monterey, and imposed a forced 

 loan of $50,000 on the place. The American 

 consul, Ulrich, was required to pay $1,500. 

 He refused, and hoisted his flag, and protested 

 in the name of the American citizens. Sev- 

 eral Americans, including Mrs. Rankin, the 

 missionary, publicly refused to join in the 

 protest. General Trevino gave Consul Ulrich 

 ten days to pay up, or else be imprisoned. 

 The money was paid. General Trevino then 

 recruited eight hundred men, and moved tow- 

 ard Saltillo, which was defended by Governor 

 Cespada, a Juarezist. General Martinez, with 

 two hundred cavalry, moved on Saltillo by a 

 different route, and reached the other side of 



