NETHERLANDS. 



NEVADA. 



541 



The infantry consisted of one regiment of grena- 

 diers and chasseurs, and of eight regiments of 

 the line ; the cavalry comprised four regiments 

 of hussars, consisting of 182 officers and 5,316 

 men ; in the other details there has been no 

 change since 1870. 



The imports, in 1869, were valued at 461,- 

 160,000 guilders, and came from the following 

 countries: Great Britain, 131,040,000; Prussia 

 (Zollverem), 108,920,000 ; Belgium, 54,860,000 ; 

 France, 12,660,000; North America, 7, 640,000; 

 other countries, 146,040,000. The exports, in 

 1869, summed up 391,210,000 guilders, viz.: 

 to Great Britain, 107,510,000 ; to Prussia, 136,- 

 160,000 ; to Belgium, 62,470,000 ; to France, 

 7,400,000; to North America, 3,590,000; to 

 other countries, 74.080,000. The movement 

 of shipping, in 1869, was as follows : 



The merchant marine, on December 31, 1869, 

 consisted of 2,059 vessels, together of 499,145 

 tons. The postal service during 1870 showed 

 an excess of revenue over expenditures of 

 1,309,282 guilders. The aggregate length of 

 telegraph-lines, on January 1, 1871, was 1,852 

 miles. 



The principal articles of export from Java 

 and Sumatra to Europe, in 1870, were : coffee, 

 28,288,650 pounds ; sugar, 42,505,025 pounds ; 

 rice, 3,791,600 pounds ; tobacco, 2,690,150 

 pounds; pepper, 4, 026,050 pounds; tin, 2,497,- 

 850 pounds; indigo, 20,369,075; nutmegs, 

 325,075 ; hides, 224,904 pieces. The exports 

 in America consisted of 2,660,450 pounds of 

 coffee, and of 3,649,875 pounds of sugar. 



The year 1871 began with a change of the 

 ministry, the Cabinet Van Bosse-Jock being, 

 on January 3d, succeeded by a new Cabinet 

 under the presidency of the old liberal states- 

 man Thorbecke. The Chambers and the Gov- 

 ernment were chiefly occupied with questions 

 relating to the organization of the defence of 

 the country and, the colonies. A treaty with 

 England providing for the cession of the Dutch 

 possessions on the coast of Guinea, and another 

 regulating the administration of Sumatra, and 

 the exportation of coolies, were not sanctioned 

 by the Chambers. The Governor-General of 

 the East-India colonies, Mijer, resigned, and 

 he was succeeded by the former commissary 

 for South Holland, London. 



The new session of the States- General was 

 opened by the King in person on September 

 18th. The royal speech promised a reorgani- 

 zation of the army, and a reform in taxation, 

 and felicitated the Chambers upon the condi- 

 tion of the foreign relations of the kingdom. 

 At the beginning of the session there appeared 

 to exist a serious and wide-spread dissatisfac- 



tion on the part of the people against the mem- 

 bers of the Cabinet, and on October 17th this 

 feeling found expression in the shape of riotous 

 proceedings, a mob assembling in front of the 

 residence of the Minister of the Colonies, and 

 stoning the house, breaking the windows, and 

 doing other damage. The agitation, however, 

 gradually subsided, and at the close of the 

 year all the budgets had been voted by the 

 Chambers, as well as the 10,000,000 guilders 

 of public debt as proposed by the Government. 

 The Minister of War, General Engelvaart, re- 

 signed at the beginning of December, on account 

 of the opposition which his projects for the 

 organization encountered in the Chambers. 

 Among the most important resolutions passed 

 by the Chambers was that abolishing the em- 

 bassy of the Netherlands to the Holy See. The 

 Catholics of the country were highly indig- 

 nant at this measure, and a committee was 

 formed to defray the expenses of a special 

 representative of the Dutch Catholics in Eome, 

 by voluntary contributions. 



NEVADA. The principal industrial interest 

 of the State is mining. Not only have rich 

 deposits of gold and silver been opened, but 

 agate, opal, amethyst, cornelian, and other fine 

 stones, are found in abundance, and marble of 

 great value is known to exist. There are also 

 extensive salt marshes which can be profitably 

 worked, solid masses of salt being found in 

 many districts, of large extent and great purity. 

 Extensive works have been established at 

 Diamond Hill, at which about 10,000 pounds 

 of salt are produced per day. 



The State is made up very largely of mining- 

 camps filled with reckless adventurers, and 

 the condition of society is disorganized in many 

 districts to a deplorable extent, and even in 

 the larger towns vigilance committees have 

 been found necessary to protect property and 

 punish crime. Murder, robbery, and arson, 

 are common offences, and in a small proportion 

 of cases are criminals brought to punishment 

 by the ordinary processes of law. In March a 

 considerable portion of the town of Truckee 

 was destroyed by an incendiary fire, and in 

 September property in Virginia City was de- 

 stroyed by similar means to the extent of more 

 than $500,000. Even when criminals are 

 caught it has been found difficult to secure 

 them, and, in September last, about thirty con- 

 victs escaped at one time, from the prison at 

 Carson. They were hunted with military and 

 volunteer forces for several weeks, and about 

 half of them were killed, and most of the others 

 finally captured. Nevertheless, industries, such 

 as the resources of the State are calculated to 

 call into life, are gradually becoming estab- 

 lished, railroads are in course of construction, 

 and society is likely to become more and more 

 settled each year. The opening of a railroad 

 from Virginia City to Keno was celebrated on 

 the 7th of November, and work is rapidly 

 progressing on the same line toward Truckee. 

 The capitol building, at Carson, was finished 



