PATENTS ISSUED IN 1871. 



PENNSYLVANIA. 



619 



of the mass, was removed by preventing any 

 stagnant water lodging at the bottom of the 

 heap. 



A portion of this rubbish was employed in 

 enriching waste lands sheltered from the guns 

 of the enemy. M. Joignean, the well-known 

 writer on agriculture, and M. Laisier, the skil- 

 ful horticulturist, undertook the management 

 of these tracts. Vegetables were forced under 

 bell glasses and frames, and toward the con- 

 clusion of the siege, and during the armistice, 

 the markets were supplied with green vege- 

 tables, an important addition to the stock of 

 food, and which much contributed to public 

 health. 



PATENTS ISSUED IN 1871. The follow- 

 ing statements show the number of Patents 

 issued by the Department of Washington in 

 1871, the business of the office, etc. : 



Moneys received. 



Amount received on applications for patents, 

 reissues, extensions, caveats, disclaimers, 



appeals, and trade-marks $612,835 00 



Amount received for copies of specifications, 



drawings, and other papers 47,729 80 



Amount received for recording assignments.. 18,151 66 



Total $678,716 46 



Moneys expended. 



Amount paid for salaries $422,316 02 



Amount paid for photographing 45,693 30 



Amount paid for contingent and miscellane- 

 ous expenses, viz. : 



Advertising $3,062 00 



Stationery 17,204 41 



Tracings, etc 472 85 



Painting, glazing, varnishing, and 



I^B 3,001 20 



File-boxes 1,215 00 



Furniture, carpeting, etc 10,827 05 



Repairing furniture, carpenters' 

 work, and fitting up cases in 



model-rooms 16,832 04 



Plumbing and gas-fitting 5,752 59 



English patents 1,382 23 



Paper-hanging 1,057 49 



Work on report 1,683 00 



Preparing index of assignments . . 380 75 

 Refunding money paid by mistake 900 00 



Hardware 3,992 70 



Pay of temporary employe's 16,187 60 



Miscellaneous items, viz., books 

 for library, subscription to jour- 

 nals, freight, ice, washing tow- 

 els, fees of judges in appeal cases, 

 withdrawals, purchase of horse 



and carriage, and livery 10,131 41 



94,082 32 



$562,091 64 

 Balance in the Treasury of the United States on 



account of the Patent fund. 

 Amount to the credit of the patent fund Jan- 



uary 1, 1871 $643,355 21 



Amount of receipts during the year 1871 678,716 46 



Total $1,322,071 67 



From which deduct expenditures for the 

 year!871 562,091 64 



Balance on the 1st of January, 1872. . . $759,980 03 

 Business of the Office for the Year 1871. 

 Number of applications for patents during 



the year 1871 19,472 



Number of patents issued, including reissues 



and designs 



Number of applications for extensions of 



patents 



Number of patents extended 



Number of caveats filed during the year. . . . 



Number of patents expired during the year 

 Number of patents allowed, but not issued 



for want of final fee 



Number of applications for registering of 



trade-marks 



Number of trade-marks registered 



Of the patents granted there were to 



Citizens of the United States 12,511 



Subj ects of Great Britain 432 



Subjects of France 30 



Subjects of other foreign govern- 

 ments 60 



8,654 

 1,007 



505 

 486 



13,033 



The number of patents distributed among 

 the citizens of the several States and Territo- 

 ries, and the proportion of patents to popula- 

 tion, were as follows : 



PA YEN, M. France has recently lost one 

 of her most eminent chemists, M. Payen, who 

 died on the 13th of May, of apoplexy. M. Payen 

 was Professor of Industrial Chemistry at the 

 Central School since 1830, and at the Conser- 

 vatoire des Arts et Metiers since 1839, a mem- 

 ber of the Institute since 1842, and was one 

 of the men who have rendered the greatest 

 services to industrial and agricultural chemis- 

 try by his researches into animal manure, on 

 disinfection, on the elementary composition of 

 starch and gums, on acetates, on beetroot and 

 cane sugars, on India-rubber and gutta-percha, 

 on fatty matters, and on paper. 



PENNSYLVANIA. The total public debt 

 of the State of Pennsylvania on November 30th, 

 when the financial statement for the year waa 



