BRAZIL. 



71 



Carnoiro de Campos; Duke de Caixas; and 

 F. P. de Negreiros Sayao Lobato. President 

 of the Senate (58 life-members), Viscount de 

 Abaete"; Vice-President, Baron das Tres-Bar- 

 ras, President of the Chamber of Deputies 

 (122 members for four years), Councillor J. J. 

 Teixeira, Junior; Vice-Presidents, J. M. d'Arau- 

 jo Goes; Councillor A. J. Henriques; and L. 

 C. de Fonseca. 



The army is composed of a special corps of 

 641 men; 21 battalions of foot: 16,163 men; 

 5 regiments of horse: 4,152 strong: and one 

 regiment of artillery of 5 battalions, and one 

 battalion of engineers: 4,326; total, 25,282 

 men. The police force numbers 6,110; 1,110 

 of whom in Rio de Janeiro. The National 

 Guard is made up of an active force of 522,094 

 infantry, horse, and artillery; and a reserve of 

 89,147 men of all arms ; making a total strength 

 of 611,241. 



The navy comprises : steamers, 18 iron-clads, 

 27 corvettes, 2 gunboats, and 7 transports; 

 with 33 sail-of-the-line, with an armament 

 of 316 guns; 2 ships without armament, 2 

 frigates, 2 corvettes, 1 transport, 1 school- 

 ship, and 1 brig for midshipmen. There are 

 in the navy 18 general staff-officers, 545 first- 

 class officers, 142 second-class officers, 101 

 sanitary corps, 234 accountants, 152 engi- 

 neers, 3,268 imperial and 2,616 apprentice 

 marines, and 62 boys: in all 8,423. By de- 

 cree of March 27, 1872, a credit extraordinary 

 of $1,031,125 was opened to the Ministry oif 

 Marine for arsenals, lights, etc. ; and a sup- 

 plementary credit of $857,481 for the naval 

 force of the empire, and for unforeseen and 

 extraordinary expenses. 



The chief article of export from Brazil is 

 coffee, supplying four-fifths of the consump- 

 tion of the United States, and more than half 

 of the consumption of the world. Among the 

 other products sent in large quantities to for- 

 eign countries are cotton, sugar, cacao, hides, 

 horns, tobacco, India-rubber, diamonds, etc. 

 The principal imports are cotton and woollen 

 fabrics from Great Britain, wrought and un- 

 wrought iron from various countries; wines 

 from Portugal, Spain, and France ; agricultural 

 implements, hardware, lard, flour, timber (pine), 

 petroleum, biscuits, coal, ice, ham, soap, boots 

 and shoes, etc., from the United States. The 

 value of the total exports and imports for the 

 three years 1866-'69 is shown by the following 

 table, from which it appears that the exports 

 exceeded the imports during that period by 

 the sum of $46,600,000 : 



Exports to the United States from 1867 to 1871, 

 inclusive. 



Value of Imports from the United States from 1867 

 to 1871, inclusive. 



The entire quantities of coffee, sugar, cotton, 

 hides, and horns, exported from 1857 to 1870, 

 inclusive, are as follows : 



Of the 2,209,456 sacks of coffee exported in 

 1870, the United States took 1,373,654. In 

 the first half of 1871 were shipped 1,253,656 

 sacks, 645,749 to the United States ; and the 

 same country took 371,266 out of a total of 

 625,429 sacks exported during the first half of 

 1872. From these figures it results that the 

 coffee exports to the United States alone dur- 

 ing the first six months of 1871 were greater 

 than the total exports of that article to all 

 countries in the corresponding period of 1872. 

 In the year ending September 30, 1872, Brazil 

 furnished 866,000 of the 4,773,000 bales of cot- 

 ton consumed by Europe. 



The value of the exports to Great Britain 

 for 1870 was $30,637,240 ; that of the imports, 

 $26,834,170; and the value of the British cot- 

 ton manufactures imported in 1869 was almost 

 exactly covered by that of the raw cotton ex- 

 ported to the United Kingdom during the 

 same period. The cotton-crops were remark- 

 ably large in the principal cotton-growing 

 provinces. 



From a comparison of the trade returns of 

 several years, it is observed that one-fourth 

 of the exports goes to England and about one- 

 fifth to the United States, the remainder being 

 divided between France, Portugal, Germany, 

 and the Argentine Kepublic. 



In Alagoas the direct foreign trade is in- 



