112 COLOMBIA, UNITED STATES OF. 



COLWELL, STEPHEN. 



dered that at his funeral the honors due to a 

 medical officer of the Army of Independence 

 should be shown to his remains. 



A firm of Barranquilla, in June, entered into 

 a contract with the Government of New Gra- 

 nada to lay a submarine cable from Aspinwall 

 to Carthagena and Santa Martha. 



The epidemic called the loiriba, which closely 

 resembles the yellow fever, had been raging 

 for several months in Carthagena, but was not 

 very fatal. There had been 5,500 cases, only 

 300 of which proved fatal. 



The Aspinwall and Jamaica cable (date, No- 

 vember 27th) was still silent, as it has been since 

 the 5th of November. It probably will not be 

 repaired for some time. Sir Charles Bright, 

 who has charge of this cable, is at variance 

 with the West India Cable Company. No 

 tariff for through business has yet been agreed 

 upon, nor will any be fixed until the trouble 

 between the managers is settled. 



The conduct of business on the "West India 

 Company's lines (the cable from Cuba to 

 Kingston, Jamaica, etc.) is stated to be very 

 unsatisfactory to the public. 



A revolution broke out in the State of Cau- 

 ca, December 13th. General Mosquera, the 

 existing President of Cauca, was determined 

 to sustain at any sacrifice his party the Lib- 

 erals in power, and place, as his succes- 

 sor, a candidate of his own selection in the 

 presidential chair, regardless of the wishes of 

 the people. The constituent assembly or con- 

 vention, which had been called for the con- 

 sideration of needed reforms in the State, laid 

 aside its legitimate work, and took up that of 

 designating who should be the next President 

 of the State. The body soon divided into par- 

 ties, each of which had its own candidate for 

 the high office. Messrs. Palan, Trojillo, and 

 Payan, were the names respectively selected, 

 but none of them suited the views of Mos- 

 quera, who, in opposition, named General 

 Peregrino Santacoloma, formerly President of 

 the State of Panama, and ever a most devoted 

 Liberal, to be his successor. Mosquera made 

 a speech in support of his own candidate, and 

 denounced the other three, against whom he 

 threatened to " make all kinds of sacrifices, 

 even to the loss of life," rather than that any 

 of them should succeed him. General Santa- 

 coloma being the first Designado to exercise 

 the presidential power, it only required a well- 

 inanaged ////! d'etat to place him permanently 

 in the chair of the first magistrate, and secure 

 to General Mosquera two years more for carry- 

 ing out his views. The Conservative party 

 opposed this move of General Mosquera, and 

 the Liberals had taken up arms in defence of 

 thfir rights, the Church, in the person of 

 T.ishop Pasto, heading the revolution, that 

 prelate being dissatisfied that the management 

 of the schools had been taken out of the hands 

 of the priests. General Santacoloma had 

 taken the field against the revolutionists of 

 Pasto, who were marching on Bnquerres, 



Obando, and Barbacoas. It was rumored that 

 an engagement had occurred. 



In Panama, the government put up at pub- 

 lic auction the right to sell ice, which has been 

 hitherto a government monopoly. The cession 

 is for five years, and the price restricted to fif- 

 teen cents a kilogramme. 



Politics on the Isthmus were in an unsettled 

 state, not so much from any contemplated 

 struggle between Liberals and Conservatives, 

 as from divisions in the Liberal party 

 itself. 



There was a great inundation of the city of 

 Bogota, caused by the overflowing of two of the 

 small rivers that run through it. Several lives 

 were lost, and property damaged to the value 

 of $150,000. This is the first inundation since 

 the establishment of the city at the time of the 

 conquest. 



COLWELL, STEPHEN, an American publi- 

 cist, political economist, and philanthropist, 

 born in Brooke County, Va., March 25, 1800, 

 died in Philadelphia, January 15, 1872. He was 

 educated at Jefferson College, Pa., whence he 

 graduated in 1819, studied law, and was admit- 

 ted to the bar in Virginia in 1821, practised 

 his profession for some years in Pitcsburg, 

 but about 1830 removed to Philadelphia, and 

 became an iron-merchant. Fond of study, and 

 especially of investigating knotty questions of 

 finance, political economy, social science, and 

 ethics, he soon commenced publishing his 

 views. His first published work was a pam- 

 phlet, "Letter to Members of the Legislature 

 of Pennsylvania, on the Removal of Deposits 

 from the Bank of the United States by order 

 of the President," over the signature of " Mr. 

 Penn," 1834 ; in 1850 he published an able 

 essay, entitled "The Relative Position in our 

 Industry of Foreign Commerce, Domestic Pro- 

 duction, and Internal Trade," by Jonathan B. 

 Wise. In 1851 a new work appeared from 

 his pen, which attracted much attention and 

 some sharp criticism ; it was entitled " New 

 Themes for the Protestant Clergy ; " two re- 

 views of it were published, to which he replied 

 in "Hints to a Layman," and "Charity and 

 the Clergy," both published in 1853. In 1852 

 he published "Politics for American Chris- 

 tians," and an elaborate article in the Mer- 

 chants' Magazine, on "Money of Account," 

 and subsequently (in 1857) discussed the sub- 

 ject still further in the Bankers' Magazine. In 

 1855 appeared a very able essay on the "Posi- 

 tion of Christianity in the United States, in its 

 Relations with our Political System and Reli- 

 gious Instruction in the Public Schools ; " and, 

 in 1856, "The South; a Letter from a Friend 

 in the North with Reference to the Effects of 

 Disunion upon Slavery." He edited the same 

 year, with preliminary essays and numerous 

 notes, "Frederick List's Treatise on National 

 Economy;" and in 1858 published a large and 

 valuable work, entitled " The Ways and Means 

 of Commercial Payment." At the commence- 

 ment of the late civil war, Mr. Col well was 



