286 



EMERSON, BROWN. 



EUROPE. 



the Policy, Religion," etc., of China, prefixed 

 to " Gutzlaff's Journal of Three Voyages along 

 the Coast of China." 



Mr. Ellis's wife, Mrs. SARAH STIOKNEY ELLIS, 

 survived him only three days, dying about an 

 hour before the funeral services of her husband 

 were to commence. She was, both before and 

 after her marriage, very favorably and widely- 

 known as an author, nearly all her books hav- 

 ing been republished in the United States. 

 She was about sixty years of age at her death. 

 Mr. Allibone's list of her books contains twenty- 

 one distinct titles, while several of the works 

 have three or four volumes each. The most 

 important of them are : " The Poetry of Lite," 

 2 vols. ; "Home, or the Iron Rule," 3 vols.; 

 "Women of England," 1838; "Sons of the 

 Soil, a Poem," 1840 ; " The Daughters of 

 England," 1842; "The Wives of England," 

 1843 ; " The Mothers of England," 1843 ; 

 " Family Secrets," 3 vols., 1841-'43 ; " Summer 

 and Winter in the Pyrenees," 1841 ; " Voice 

 from the Vintages," 1843 ; " Pictures of 

 Private Life," 3 vols., 1844; "Look to the 

 End, or the Bennetts Abroad," 2 vols., 1845 ; 

 " Temper and Temperament," 2 vols., 1846 ; 

 "Prevention Batter than Cure," 1847; "Raw- 

 don House : Hints on Formation of Character," 

 1848; "Fireside Tales," 4 vols., 1848-'49; "So- 

 cial Distinction, or Hearts and Homes," 3 vols., 

 1848-'49 ; " My Brother ; or, the Man of Many 

 Friends," 1853. Her works have been col- 

 lected in a number of uniform volumes. 



EMERSON, Rev. BROWN, D. D., a learned 

 ani venerable clergyman of Salem, Mass., sixty- 

 eight years pastor 'of the Old South Church in 

 that city ; born in Ashby, Mass., January 8, 

 1778 ; died in Salem, Mass., July 25, 1872. He 

 prepared for college at New Ipswich and Bos- 

 cawen, N. II., and graduated from Dartmouth 

 College in 1802, being at his death the oldest 

 graduate of the college. He was licensed as 

 a Congregational preacher by the Essex North 

 Association in 1804, and ordained as colleague 

 pastor with Rev. Daniel Hopkins, D. D., at the 

 Old South Church, Salem, April 14, 1805, hav- 

 ing previously preached for that church for 

 three months. On the death of Dr. Hopkins, 

 in 1816, he became sole pastor, and continued 

 so till 1849, when, at his own request, a col- 

 league was settled. He received the degree 

 of D. D. from Dartmouth College in 183%. In 

 1846 he visited Europe. Dr. Emerson was an 

 able preacher, and a vigorous, logical writer, 

 and until he was very far advanced in life his 

 sermons were quite attractive to his people. 

 He published little nothing, beyond some oc- 

 casional sermons, addresses, and orations. 



EUROPE. The year 1872 was one of peace 

 for all Europe; in Spain only, the Carlists 

 rose again in an insurrection, which, though 

 maintaining itself for several months, never 

 assumed threatening dimensions. The latest 

 statistical information on the population of 

 Europe raised the aggregate number to 301,- 

 700,000 in 1872, against 300,900,000 in 1871, 



while the area, by the new calculations made 

 in several countries, is reduced from 3,816,400 

 to 3,787,097 square miles. 



The Government of Germany continued to 

 direct its chief attention to the consolidation 

 of the newly-established empire. The " Par- 

 ticularists," who desire to strengthen the pow- 

 er of the governments of the separate states 

 at the expense of the Central Government, at 

 one time hoped for the reestablishment of 

 their ascendency in Bavaria ; but the attempt 

 to form a new Particularist ministry utterly 

 failed ; and the policy of Bavaria with reg 

 to German unity remained unchanged. Gi 

 exertions were made by the Government of 

 Germany to revive this feeling of Germi 

 nationality in the new Reichsland Alsace-Lor 

 raine, and good results are specially antici- 

 pated from the liberal reorganization of the 

 University of Strasbourg, which was opened 

 on May 1st, and from the remtroduction of 

 the German language into all the secondary 

 and primary state schools of the country. A 

 declaration of the Government of Brunswick, 

 that it regarded the ex-King of Hanover as 

 entitled to succession, when (what is expected 

 to take place ere long) the ducal line of 

 Brunswick becomes extinct, created toward 

 the close of the year considerable uneasiness,* 

 though no serious trouble, it is believed, can 

 arise out of this question. More serious is the 

 conflict between the Central Government of 

 Germany and the Reichstag on the one hand, 

 and the Roman Catholic Church on the other. 

 The expulsion of the Jesuits from Germany, 

 and other measures of that kind, called forth 

 in the Catholic districts of Germany an in- 

 tense dissatisfaction, and led to very severe 

 complaints in the allocutions of the Pope. 



The National Assembly of France remained 

 throughout the year the battle-ground of the 

 four great parties of the country, the Repub- 

 licans, the Legitimists, the Orleanists, and the 

 Bonapartists. The former gained some new 

 members at the supplementary elections, and 

 began an agitation for the dissolution of the 

 National Assembly, because they expected a 

 still greater accession of strength from a gen- 

 eral election. The Legitimists made a politi- 

 cal demonstration, by visiting in large num- 

 bers the Count de Chambord at Antwerp, Bel- 

 gium, in February ; but no real advantage ap- 

 pears to have accrued to this party from it. A 

 fusion between the Legitimists and Orleanists 

 continued to be discussed; and in January, 

 1873, the Legitimist papers announced that it 

 had been consummated by the formal recogni- 

 tion of the Count de Chambord as King of 

 France on the part of seven princes of the 

 House of Orleans. The prospects of Bona- 

 partism suffered a serious blow by the death 

 of the ex-Emperor Napoleon. 



* In the article BRUNSWICK, in the present number of 

 the AMERICAN ANNUAL CYCLOPEDIA, we have given a 

 " Genealoffical Table of the House of Brunswick, Han- 

 over, and Great Britain," which fully explains the ques- 

 tion of succession. 



