348 



GEORGIA. 



resulted. This, however, was speedily sup- 

 pressed. There was some bloodshed, and a 

 good deal of excitement, but no one was killed. 

 One of the negroes, Avery Smith by name, 

 brought a charge against three white men, 

 concerned in ejecting him from the car, for 

 conspiring together, and with others, " with 

 intent to injure, oppress, threaten, and intimi- 

 date deponent, a colored citizen of the United 

 States, and other colored persons, said persons 

 also being citizens of the United States, with 

 intent to prevent and hinder said deponent 

 and said other colored citizens, whose names 

 are unknown to deponent, from his and their 

 free exercise and enjoyment of the right and 

 privilege of riding in the cars of the street- 

 car company, in the city of Savannah, said 

 street-cars being run by an incorporated com- 

 pany, said company being public carriers of 

 passengers, the right, privileges, and immunity 

 of riding in said cars being a right, privilege, 

 and immunity granted and secured to deponent 

 and said other persons by the Constitution and 

 laws of the United States, they being citizens 

 of the United States." 



The parties were tried before United States 

 Commissioner H. C. Wayne, and discharged on 

 the ground that the charge had not been sus- 

 tained. In his decision the Commissioner said : 



So far, then, as the court has been able to sift the 

 evidence and bring it to the test of the law, the com- 

 plainant had no right, privilege, or immunity under 

 the Constitution or laws of Congress to be abridged. 

 But, on the contrary, he stands before this court a 

 deliberate violator of a legal regulation of the street- 

 car company, and, pro tanto, a disturber of the pub- 

 lic tranquillity. Holding, moreover, a position of 

 trust and emolument under the United States Gov- 

 ernment, he should have been the last to foment dis- 

 turbance of the public peace ; and, a comparative 

 stranger to this community, besides, should have 

 come among us bearing the olive-branch of peace, 

 and not the firebrand of social discord. It was by 

 such men as himself that the riots of the evening of 

 the 29th of July, in this city, were originated. And 

 justice to the truth of the inquest compels the court 

 to add, though with regret, that the management of 

 the road, by its timid course, must take its share 

 of the responsibility for them. 



In conclusion, it is a matter of gratification to the 

 court to observe that none of our respectable colored 

 citizens appear to have been mixed up in the scene 

 that marred the fair fame of our peaceful city on the 

 28th and 29th of July last, but, that those disgraceful 

 acts appear to have been conceived, promoted, and 

 executed by bad men from other parts of the coun- 

 try, backed, however, it is true, unfortunately, by a 

 few native ruffians ; for there are ruffians among the 

 colored people as well as among the whites, no race 

 or color being exempt from the curse of ruffianism. 



The official statement of the State finances 

 on the 1st of January, 1873, places the public 

 debt at $8,186,500. The receipts of the Treas- 

 ury, for the year, amounted to $2,101,540.84; 

 the disbursements were $1,335,207.14; the 

 balance on hand at the ond of the year, $766,- 

 133.70. The Treasurer estimated the amount 

 to be raised, for the year 1873, at $1,418.935. 

 The sources of revenue will yield $2,085,939. 

 The valuation of taxable property is placed at 

 $234,492,468. 



The State University appears to be in a 

 flourishing condition. The number of students 

 matriculated during the year was 317, and 46 

 were graduated at the last commencement. 

 The income of the institution, for the year 

 ending July 29th, was $29,221.25, of which $11 - 

 305 was derived from tuition fees. The Col- 

 lege of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts has had 

 127 students. In July the sum of $90,202.17 

 was paid into the Treasury from the sale of 

 scrip for Government lands for the benefit 

 of this institution. 



The whole amount of school revenue prior 

 to October 1st was $492,924.27. Tho number 

 of patients in the Lunatic Asylum is 509. Of 

 these 423 are white, and 86 colored ; 379 are 

 lunatics, 74 idiots, and 56 epileptics. The ex- 

 penses for the year were $160,359.40, includ- 

 ing $61,916.53 paid on special appropriations 

 for completing buildings and for other im- 

 provements. The Academy for the Deaf and 

 Dumb has had 61 pupils during the year. The 

 Academy for the Blind had 39 pupils, and the 

 amount disbursed for their support during the 

 year was $10,759. The number of convicts in 

 the penitentiary is 530; 44 have been dis- 

 charged, 21 have escaped, 14 have died, one 

 has been pardoned, one was killed by acci- 

 dent, and one was killed by the guard. 



According to the census of 1870, there were 

 6,831,856 acres of improved land, 12,928,084 

 of woodland, and 3,888,001 of other unim- 

 proved land. The cash value of farms was 

 $94,559,468, of farming implements and ma- 

 chinery, $4,614,701; total amount of wages 

 paid during the year, including value of board, 

 $19,787,086; total (estimated) value of farm 

 productions, including betterments and ad- 

 ditions to stock, $80,390,228; orchard prod- 

 ucts, $352,926 ; produce of market-gardens, 

 $193,266; forest products, $1,281,623; home 

 manufactures, $1,113,080; animals slaughtered 

 or sold for slaughter, $6,854,382; value of all 

 live-stock, $30,156,317. There were 81,777 

 horses, 87,426 mules and asses, 231,310 milch- 

 cows, 54,332 working-oxen, 412,261 other 

 cattle, 419,465 sheep, and 988,566 swine. The 

 chief productions were, 308,890 bushels of 

 spring and 1,818,127 of winter wheat, 82,549 

 of rye, 17,646,459 of Indian-corn, 1,904,601 of 

 oats, 5,640 of barley, 22,277,380 pounds of 

 rice, 288,596 of tobacco, 473,934 of cotton, 

 846,947 of wool, 410,020 bushels of peas 

 and beans, 197,101 of Irish and 2,621,562 

 of sweet potatoes, 21,927 gallons of wine, 

 4,499,572 pounds of butter, 10,518 tons of hay, 

 553,192 gallons of cane molasses, and 474,027 

 of sorghum, 610,877 pounds of honey, and 

 31,233 of wax. 



The total number of manufacturing estab- 

 lishments was 3,836, employing 405 steam- 

 engines of 10,826 horse-power, 1,729 water- 

 wheels of 27,417 horse-power, and 17,871 

 hands, of whom 15,078 were males over 16, 

 1,498 females over 15, and 1,295 youth. The 

 amount of capital employed was $13,930,125; 



