362 



GKEECE. 



The variations in the bank rate of discount 

 were fourteen in number during the year 1872 ; 

 the lowest rate being 3 per cent., on June 

 20th, and the highest 7 per cent., on Novem- 

 ber 9th. 



GREECE, a kingdom in Europe. King, 

 George I., second son of the King of Denmark, 

 born December 24, 1845 ; accepted the crown 

 offered to him by the Greek National Assembly 

 on June 5, 1863 ; married on 15th (new style 

 27th) of October, 1867, to Olga, daughter of the 

 Grand-duke Constantine of Russia; Crown- 

 prince Constantine, Duke of Sparta, born 21st 

 July (new style, 2d of August), 1862. 



The area of Greece is 19,353 square miles. 

 The total population of the thirteen nomar- 

 chies into which the kingdom is divided, ac- 

 cording to the census of 1870,* was 1,437,026, 

 of whom only 5,261 were foreigners. Adding 

 the army, consisting of 12,420 men, the navy, 

 numbering 1,315 men, and 7,133 sailors abroad, 

 the total population of the kingdom was 1,457,- 

 894. The nomarchies are subdivided into 

 eparchies. The table on the following page 

 gives the population of nomarchies and epar- 

 chies, according to the censuses of 1860 and 

 1871. 



According to the census, the number of the 

 males (754,176) shows a remarkable excess 

 over the females (703,718). The increase since 

 1861 for the kingdom in general is only one 

 per cent. ; in the old provinces it is one for 

 every 85, while in the Ionian Islands it has, 

 since the time of the last census of the islands 

 in 1865, only been one for every 643, and sev- 

 eral islands even show a decrease of popula- 

 tion. The population of the largest cities in 

 1871 was : Athens, 44,510 ; Syra (Hermopolis), 

 20,996; Patras, 19,641; Zante, 17,516; Cor- 

 fu, 15,452. Nearly the entire population be- 

 longs to the Greek Church ; only 12,535 be- 

 long to other Christian churches, and 3,499 to 

 other religions. 67,941 inhabitants do not 

 speak the Greek language. 



The revenue for the year 1871 amounted to 

 33,921,000 drachmas; the expenditures to 34,- 

 498,262 ; the public debt to 242,487,893. The 



* A full account of the results of the census may be 

 found in " Rapport eur 1'etat de la statistique en Grece 

 presente au congres de St. Petersbourg," par A, Mausolus 

 (Athens, 1872). 



imports in 1868 were valued at 88,400,000 

 drachmas, the exports to 54,540,000. The 

 movement of shipping embraced 18,193 sea- 

 going vessels, of an aggregate tonnage of 2,- 

 788,795, and 154,419 coasting-vessels of an ag- 

 gregate tonnage of 5,676,674. The commercial 

 navy, on December 31, 1868, numbered 5,422 

 vessels, of 334,901 tons. The first railroad in 

 Greece (from Athens to Piraeus and Phalerus) 

 was opened in January, 1869 ; it has a length 

 of 12 kilometres (one kilometre=0.62 mile.) 

 The second read, from Piraeus to Lamia, was 

 begun in 1872 ; it will be 220 kilometres long. 

 The aggregate length of the telegraph-lines is 

 1,600 kilometres. 



On January 5th the King dismissed the min- 

 istry of Zaimis, and intrusted Bulgaris with 

 the formation of a new cabinet. On January 

 7th the Chamber was informed by Bulgaris 

 that the new ministry which had been formed 

 of members of the two parties, Kumundaros 

 and Bulgaros, was composed as follows: Pres- 

 idency and Foreign Affairs, Bulgaris ; Interior, 

 Nikolopulos ; War, Drakos ; Navy, Bubulis ; 

 Finances, Mauromichapulos; Justice, Agamem- 

 non Metaxas ; Worship, Notaros. On January 

 9th the Chamber was dissolved by royal de- 

 cree. 



The elections for the new Chamber (whi< 

 last in Greece four days, one of which must 

 Sunday) were finished on the 12th of^Marcl 

 Party contests were very violent, and in soi 

 districts serious disturbances took place, 

 which twenty persons, among them a candi- 

 date and a mayor, were killed, and many more 

 severely wounded. The King opened the 

 Chamber of Deputies on April 5th. 

 speech from the throne announced that the 

 relations of Greece with all foreign powers 

 were friendly, and expressed a hope that they 

 would remain undisturbed. The King likewise 

 dwelt on the satisfactory condition of the 

 public safety, notwithstanding the agitation 

 caused by the elections. The Chamber de- 

 voted more than two months to examining dis- 

 puted elections, and to adjusting party and 

 personal interests. It was not until the 19th 

 of June that it was organized by the election 

 of M. Spiro Milio as president. 



The most important event in the history of 

 Greece during the year 1872 was the eompli- 



