386 



HUNGARY. 



The population of the largest cities, accord- 

 ing to the census of 1869, is as follows : 



Kronstadt 28,041 



Zombor 25,304 



Klausenburg 25,080 



Fanf kirchen 24,014 



Stuhlweiscenburg.... 22,628 



Kaschau 21,742 



Wieselburg 21,146 



Pesth 201,911 



Szegedin 69,014 



Mana Theresiopel.. 56,269 



Buda 54,577 



Presburg 46,544 



Debreczin 43,517 



Kecskemet 42,089 



Temesvar 32.754 



Arad 31,796 



Grossvvardein 29,240 



Versecz 21,096 



Agram 20,637 



Raab 20,252 



In the budget for the year 1872 the revenue 

 was estimated at 169,110,719 florins; the ex- 

 penditures at 232,209,394 florins ; deficit, 63,- 

 098,675 florins. The public debt at the close of 

 the year 1870 was about 389,500,000 florins. 



The length of the railroads in operation, on 

 January 1, 1872, was 4,462 kilometres; of rail- 

 roads in course of construction, 2,052 kilo- 

 metres. The length of the telegraph-lines, in 

 1870, was 10,156 kilometres; of telegraph- 

 wires, 27,764 kilometres. 



According to the official census of 1869,* 

 there were in Hungary, under the political 

 division of the country, 54 counties, circles, 

 sees, or districts ; in Transylvania, 26 ; Croa- 

 tia and Slavonia, 8 ; Military Frontier (regi- 

 mental districts), 15; total, 103. To these 

 must be added the free city of Fiumc with its 

 territory. 



The number of "royal free and privileged 

 cities " was 48 in Hungary, 30 in Transyl- 

 vania, 1 in Fiume, 8 in Croatia and Slavonia, 

 11 in the Military Frontier (military communi- 

 ties, 11); total, 98. The number of towns 

 with organized magistrates was 88 in Hun- 

 gary, 3 in the Military Frontier (fortresses). 



Besides, there were 



There, are in the lands of the Hungarian 

 crown 7,653,560 persons of the male, and 7,- 

 763,767 persons of the female sex. There 

 were 2,472,547 men, and 1,517,972 women, or 

 in all, 3,990,519 persons who were able to read 

 and to write, and 452,274 men, and 892,018 

 women, or 1,344,292 persons who were able 

 to read but not to write ; the remainder are 

 -entirely illiterate. As regards the occupation 

 of the inhabitants, 5,064,753 are engaged in 

 agriculture, forestry, fishing, or mining ; 646,- 

 964 in industrial and mechanical pursuits; 

 133,582 in commerce; 177,241 are clergymen, 

 officers, teachers, physicians, lawyers, artists; 

 80,680 are proprietors of houses or rentes; 

 1,196,414 are servants; and 8,117,693 (of whom 



* The following figures are taken from Keleti, " Ueber- 

 Blcht dor BevOlkernng dcs Staatsgebietee, etc.. Saramt- 

 licher Lander der Ungarischeu Krone," Pesth, 1871. 



2,951,227 were over fourteen years old) were 

 without any specified employment. 



The agricultural statistics in 1870, as com- 

 pared with those of the former census of 1857, 

 were as follows : 



The Diet of Croatia, which, after several ad- 

 journments, had been opened on January 15th, 

 was dissolved by imperial decree on January 

 19th. The Government officially stated that 

 this measure had become necessary because 

 the Diet denied the legality of the compromise 

 proposed. The real cause was, th at the negotia- 

 tions between the National Croatian party and 

 members of the Hungarian ministry, which, in 

 the latter part of the year 1871, had been car- 

 ried on in Vienna, had proved a failure. The 

 subsequent session of the Hungarian Diet Avas, 

 on April 16th, closed by the Emperor-King in 

 person. The speech from the throne pointed 

 out that already, for five years, questions af- 

 fecting both portions of the monarchy alike 

 have been successfully disposed of without the 

 slightest disagreement. The present Diet has 

 fulfilled its task in contributing to the de- 

 velopment of the country's prosperity by ju- 

 dicial and administrative reforms. After enu- 

 merating the various laws passed during the 

 session, the speech from the throne adds that 

 the organization of lower courts and the sepa- 

 ration of the judicial from the administrative 

 departments have increased the public safety. 

 The organization of municipal and parochial 

 establishments, based on the principle of soli- 

 government, insures a strict enforcement of 

 the laws. The speech dwells upon the just 

 manner in which the public revenue, which 

 has greatly increased, has been applied, men- 

 tioning the considerable sums voted for the 

 improvement of justice, public instruction, a 

 complete net-work of railways, and the em- 

 bellishment of the capital. The speech recalls 

 the fact that the expenditure for the develop- 

 ment of the Honved Institution was cheerfully 

 voted, and considers the accomplishment of all 

 these measures, without increasing the taxes, 

 to be a proof of the increasing prosperity of 

 the country. The Emperor expresses a hope 

 that, after the abolition of the institutions of 

 the Military Frontier province, there will 

 shortly not be found throughout the monarchy 

 any fraction of the population that docs not 

 fully enjoy constitutional rights. The speech 

 regrets that, in consequence of the obstacles 

 to discussion raised within the Diet during tin-- 

 last portion of the session, the Electoral Bill 

 and other measures could not be passed. The 

 friendly relations prevailing with foreign pow- 



