ILLINOIS. 



393 



1873. 



Brought forward $7,070,651 95 



Amonut received as interest on district 



funds loaned 82," "^ 37 



Amount received, borrowed money 220,690 80 



Amount received from lines and forfeitures 12,ti46 00 

 Amount received from sales of school prop- 

 erty 11,20786 



Amount reported as received from various 

 other sources 102,273 72 



Total reported receipts in 1872 $7,500,122 76 



Total amount expended in 1871, for all school 



purposes $7,153,257 41 



Total amount expended for all school pur- 

 poses in 1872 



The annexed statement shows the several 

 items and amounts which make up the perma- 

 nent principal of the common-school funds of 

 the State. A comparison of the present ag- 

 gregate amount of the township fund, with 

 that reported in 1870, shows an increase, in 

 the last two years, of $22,185.68. 



COMMON-SCHOOL FUNDS PRINCIPAL. 



School fund proper, being 3 per cent, upon 

 the net proceeds of the sales of the public 

 lands in the State, one-sixth part ex- 

 cepted $613,362 98 



Surplus revenue, being a portion of the 



surplus revenue of the United States, and 

 by act of the Legislature, March 4, 1837, 

 made a part of the common-school fund. 335,592 32 

 College fund, being one-sixth part of the 3 



from gross earnings, is Go. 60 per cent. The 

 average gross earnings per mile per annum 

 were $8,108.00. The uveiugo nat earnings per 

 mile were $2,780.18. 



There has been a very general refusal or 

 neglect on the part of railroad companies to 

 obey the laws fixing maximum rates for trans- 

 portation of passengers and merchandise, and 

 intended to prevent unjust discriminations. 

 Governor Palmer, in his last message, devotes 

 much attention to this subject, lie says : 



In my judgment the existing laws, intended to 

 regulate the duties and define the obligations of 

 common carriers by railway, will not accomplish 

 the object desired, for the reason, among others, 

 that they are to a certain extent based upon the 

 wide-spread misconception of the true relation of 

 that class of public agents to the people, and, as a 

 consequence of that misconception, the regulations 

 for the government of the owners and managers of 

 railway lines are confused and weakened by assum- 

 ing that the ownership and management of railway 

 lines and the receipt, transportation, and delivery 

 of passengers and freights for hire, which constitutes 

 the business of a common carrier, are so inseparable 

 tuat tney are necessarily parts of the same general 

 business, while, in the nature of things, and from 

 the fo of practices that now extensively prevail on 

 many lines of railway, they are essentially different 

 pursuits ; and regulations intended for the govern- 

 ment of the one have no fitness or proper applica- 

 tion to the other 



I am satisfied ' that the onl y means that wm afford 



the count ^ the demandcd N t0 T 1 * 6 a ? d 

 leje or university ........................ 15661332 encourage competition on all the railroads m the 



Seminary fund, being the proceeds of the State, between the carriers that own or control them, 



sales of " seminary lands,' 1 originally do- and others who upon just compensation to be made 



toted to the State by the General Govern- f or the use of the roads and their appurtenances, and 



ment for .the founding and support of a for the fixed facilities needed, may choose to engage 



GOTO* KS^atedby wt ofLeristotii;; ^ in the b ? s \ nes . 8 - If the monopoly of the business 



February 7, 1835, which provided that the on an 7 ot tlie important lines of railroad was taken 



teachers should not receive from the pub- from the corporation that owns the road, the effect 



lie fund more than half the amount due would soon be perceived in the increased facilities 



them for services rendered the preceding for transportation and cheaper rates. It is because 



Sh ~ competition is not now possible, that railroad man- 



348285 75 ageri discriminate bet/een localities and Individ- 



Township funds, being the net proceeds of ?als, but > lf th e legal right of others to engage in 



the sale of the 16th section in each con- business on the railroads of the State were once es- 



gre-sional township of the State, the same tablished by law, the mere existence of the right 



having been donated to the State for com- would constantly and favorably influence their con- 



mon-school purposes, by act of Congress, duct, though the right of competition secured to in- 



813 ................................... 4,868,555 01 dividuals by the law might never be exercised. 



Total common-school funds of the State, Ifc was witb - a view to break U P tne monopoly of 



September 3D, 1872 ....................... $6,332,248 08 the use OI " t ne ^ r own ra il roa< i li nes by common car- 



m, . , c riers, and, if possible, to separate the ownership of 



e are in the^ btate 5,dol.41 miles of railroad property from the prosecution of that busi- 



completed and classified railroads, the aggre- . ness, that the Constitutional Convention adopted 



gate cost of which is reported at $225 529 - the 10th, the 12th, and the 14th sections of the llth 



271 31 nr iVinnf <I19 9fiJ. A na ,^'1,-v ' Ti ' article of the constitution. 



totil r inn?tnl S f f P These constitutional provisions are intended to 



otal capital stock of the companies is : establish that there is no necessary connection be- 



Preferred stock ........................... $8,155.199 93 tween the ownership of railroads and the prosecution 



n B ........................... 131,970,864 60 of the business of common carriers by the same per-' 



"J^gS g s n S or corporations ; that railroads a're public hlgh- 



^jj,*w,.u^,) wa y s , in which the public have rights, the most im- 



Total ............................... $254,912 563 45 P ol 'tarit of which is to use them for the transportation 



rp, of their persons and property, subject only to regu- 



Ihe gross earnings of the completed and lations to be provided bylaw: that the property of 



classified railroads are as follows: railroad corporations may be taken by the State for 



From freight ....................... $30 074 594 4=> P ublic uses to g ive effect to its own policy ; and the 



Prom passengers ..................... '.'.'.'. 10455J64 05 P r P er conclusion from these sections, and from the 



From mails, express, and miscellaneous. 2^997'(369 57 whole scope of that portion of the constitution which 



- refers to railroads, is, that the policy intended to be 



ltal ............................... $43,227,428 .4 supported is, to break up the monopoly of the carry- 



The average proportion of the expenses for ' m ^ bu f n , ess > wllich . the owners and managers of 

 yy,,,:, * T L , railroads have secured, and make the lines of rail- 



maintenance and operating, to be deducted roads free to commerce, subject only to the rights of 



