LEE, CHARLES A. 



LEVER, CHARLES J. 



431 



hemp; 237,268 of flax; 14,657 bushels of flax- 

 seed; 209,416 pounds of maple-sugar; 1,740,- 

 453 gallons of sorghum; and 49,073 of maple- 

 molasses ; 1,171,500 pounds of honey; and 

 32,557 of wax. 



The total number of manufacturing estab- 

 lishments was 5,390, having 1,147 steam-en- 

 gines, of 31,928 horse-power, and 459 water- 

 wheels, of 7,640 horse-power, and employing 

 30,636 hands, of whom 27,687 were males 

 above sixteen years of age, 1,159 females above 

 fifteen, and 1,790 youth. The invested capital 

 amounted to $29,277,809 ; wages paid during 

 the year, $9,444,524 ; value of materials con- 

 sumed, $29,497,535 ; products, $54,625,809. 



There were 89 newspapers and periodicals, 

 having an aggregate circulation of 197,130, and 

 issuing 18,270,160 copies annually. There 

 were 6 daily, with a circulation of 81,000 ; 4 

 tri-weekly, circulation 3,500; 4 semi-weekly, 

 circulation 4,100 ; 68 weekly, circulation 137,- 

 930 ; 7 monthly, circulation 19,700. 



The total number of libraries was 5,546, con- 

 taining 1,909,230 volumes. Of these, 4,374, 

 with 1,590,245 volumes, were private, and 

 1,172, with 318,985, other than private. 



The number of religious organizations, of all 

 denominations was 2,967, having 2,694 edifices, 

 with 876,439 sittings, and property valued at 

 $9,801,465. The leading denominations are 

 as follows: 



Of the total population (930,136) ten years 

 of age and orer, there were engaged in all 

 classes of occupation, 414,593, of whom 364,300 

 were males, and 50,293 females. There were 

 engaged in agriculture, 261,080, of whom 

 257,426 were males, and 3,654 females; in 

 professional and personal services, 84,024 

 41,974 males, and 42,050 females ; in trade and 

 transportation, 25,29224,961 male and 331 

 female; and in manufactures and mechanical 

 and mining industries, 44,197 39,939 males, 

 and 4,258 females. The condition of pauper- 

 ism and crime is here given : 

 Number of persons supported during the year 



ending June 1, 1870 2,059 



Cost of annual support $160,717 



Total number receiving support June 1, 1870. . . . 1,784 



Native 1,667 



White. 

 Colored. 

 Foreign . 



Number of persons convicted during the year. . . 

 " " in prison June 1, 1870 



Native. 

 White.. 

 Colored. 

 Foreign. 



704 

 117 

 603 

 1,067 

 968 

 525 

 443 

 99 



L 



LEE, CHAELES ALFEED, M. D., a physician, 

 medical professor, and author, born at Salis- 

 bury, Conn., March 3, 1801 ; died in Peeks- 

 kill, N. Y., February 14, 1872. He graduated 

 from Williams College, and soon after com. 

 raenced the study of medicine with his brother- 

 in-law Luther Ticknor, M. D. Subsequently 

 he entered the Berkshire Medical College, 

 where he received the degree of M. D. in 

 1825. In 1826 he removed to New York City, 

 and in connection with Dr. James Stewart 

 founded the Northern Dispensary of that city, 

 where he was for about ten years attending 

 physician-in-chief. During a long series of 

 years he gave instruction in the following in- 

 stitutions : The medical schools of the Univer- 

 sity of New York, and Bowdoin College, Bruns- 

 wick, Me.; the Berkshire Medical School at 

 Pittsfield, Mass. ; and the medical colleges at 

 Geneva, N. Y., Woodstock, Vt., Columbus, O., 

 and Buffalo, N. Y. He was one of the founders 

 of the Medical College of the University of 

 New York, and the Buffalo Medical College, 

 in which he was Professor Emeritus at the 

 time of his death. He was editor of the New 

 York Journal of Medicine at one time, and 

 during his long life was a voluminous writer 

 on scientific and medical subjects, a volume 

 on Physiology and another on the Elements 

 of Geology being among his numerous works. 



He also edited the American edition of " Cop- 

 land's Medical Dictionary." His attention 

 during his later years had been devoted to the 

 subject of the treatment of the insane, and his 

 views on the colonization or out-door system, 

 which he personally investigated while he 

 was in Europe in 1865, were adopted after 

 his return by some prominent institutions for 

 the insane in this country. His advanced age 

 had compelled him to retire from his profes- 

 sional labors, and his useful life ended ab- 

 ruptly after a brief illness. 



LEVER, CHAELES JAMES, M. D., Ph. D., LL. 

 D., an Irish novelist, born in Dublin, August 31, 

 1806 ; died in Trieste, June 3, 1872. His parents 

 were wealthy, and he received a careful and 

 thorough education at Trinity College, Cam- 

 bridge, where he took his degree of medicine ; 

 afterward passing through a course of study at 

 Gottingen, where he also obtained a degree. 

 In youth he was noted for personal bravery, 

 especially for a daring and reckless spirit as an 

 equestrian. This trait seemed to impart to his 

 writings a lively, vivacious spirit, sometimes 

 running even into a boisterous mirth. His 

 ladies and gentlemen seemed under the influ- 

 ence of champagne, his peasants and servant- 

 men of "potheen." For a time, at the begin- 

 ning of his career, he practised as a physician ; 

 and it is recorded that, when the cholera raged 



