460 



LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL, IN 1872. 



title of "Orthodox Greece," a book full of 

 erudition, in reply to Leo Allatius, a learned 

 Greek of the seventeenth century, who main- 

 tained that only ignorant Greek schismatics in 

 his time rejected the authority of the Pope. 



M. Sathas, who has long been occupied in 

 discovering unpublished Greek MSS., has just 

 printed at Venice the first and third volumes 

 of his great work, " The Library of the Middle 

 Ages." The first volume contains Byzantine 

 writings, hitherto inedited, of much interest, 

 especially for the history of the Greek Church. 



Among academic and periodical publica- 

 tions I may mention : 1. The Neo- Hellenic 

 Analecta of the Literary Association, the Par- 

 nassus, which contains popular legends, songs, 

 proverbs, riddles, etc., and carefully collected 

 illustrations of the Neo-Hellenic language. 

 The Litter arisches Gentralblatt and the Got- 

 tinger Gelehrten Anzeigen have spoken in high 

 terms of this publication. 2. The Athenee, a 

 literary and archaeological journal, edited by 

 the professors of. the university. 3. The fif- 

 teenth part of the Archaeological Journal, 

 edited by the learned ephor of antiquities, M. 

 Eustratiades, and the learned secretary of the 

 Archaeological Society, M. Koumanoudes. 4. 

 The ^Esculapius, the organ of the Medical 

 Society at Athens. 5. The Bulletin of Phar- 

 macy, edited by Prof. Zavizanos. 6. The Jour- 

 nal of Agriculture, edited by Prof. Orphanides. 

 7. The Echo of Orthodoxy, conducted by Prof. 

 Phocarites. 8. The Analecta, or Notes and 

 Memoirs on Mathematical Subjects, edited by 

 Prof. Nicolaides. Finally, the jury of the 

 Olympian Games has just published a large 

 quarto volume upon the Exhibition of the 

 Second Olympiad, 1870. It is astonishing to 

 see the progress Greece has made in the arts 

 and sciences. 



HOLLAND. Seldom has the literature of the 

 Netherlands assumed a character so one-sided 

 as it has during the year now drawing to a 

 close. Not only have such branches been neg- 

 lected as are not in harmony with the Dutch 

 spirit, but even those which hitherto have al- 

 ways enjoyed a steady amount of attention in 

 Holland. This year philosophy is represented 

 only by Job. Kinker's " Commentary on Kant's 

 Critique of Pure Reason;" and not a single 

 contribution to the study of the Eastern lan- 

 guages has appeared/ 



On* the other hand, theological literature 

 has not diminished in quantity. J. J. van Oos- 

 terzee's "Sermons" (" Leerredenen") are be- 

 ing collected, and are to fill twelve volumes, 

 four of which are to appear annually ; while 

 his "Handbook of Christian Dogmatics" is 

 finished. The well-known theologians, B. ter 

 Haar and W. Moll, are editing what is ap- 

 parently a more popular publication, an illus- 

 trated "History of the Christian Church in 

 Holland." To M. A. Knenen we owe a mono- 

 graph on the Pentateuch. J. Doede's " History 

 of the oldest editions of the New Testament in 

 Dutch " belojigs to bibliography rather than 



to theology. Dr. B. F. Matthes has written a 

 most meritorious work on the Brissoes, the 

 heathen priests and priestesses of the Bugis. 

 C. P. Tiele's excellent " Comparative History 

 of the Egyptian and Mesopotamian Religions" 

 is completed. 



Not less numerous are the contributions to 

 history. The National Festival on the 1st of 

 April, the tercentenary of the capture of Brill, 

 an event regarded as inaugurating the era of 

 Dutch independence, naturally called forth a 

 perfect deluge of works, some short, some 

 lengthy, upon the struggle for liberty in the 

 Netherlands. Of course most of them were 

 merely ephemeral publications; but an idea 

 of their number may be formed when I state 

 that the list of them which the firm of Nijhoff 

 published, as a supplement to their " Bibliog- 

 raphy of the Netherlands," contains not less 

 than 400 entries, upon twenty-two octavo 

 pages. Among the more noteworthy of these 

 works are those by H. J. van Lummel, H. F. 

 van Rosmalen, W. J. Hofdijk, etc. In political 

 circles in Holland a good deal of excitement 

 was caused by the publication of J. A. Thijm 

 and J. de Bosch-Kemper. The oration de- 

 livered in presence of the King by Dr. M. de 

 Vries, Professor at Leyden, deserves especial 

 attention, as it gave eloquent expression to 

 the enthusiasm of the people, and thousands 

 of copies of it were printed and sold. 



Besides this special literature, Holland has, 

 during the year, produced many works on 

 various periods of history which possess a per- 

 manent value. An excellent contribution to 

 the history of the rivalry between England and 

 Holland in the seventeenth century, is S. Miil- 

 ler's "Mare Clamum," while the well-known 

 law professor, G. W. Vreede, of Utrecht, has 

 made the ministries of the Pensionaries Slinge- 

 landt, Steijn, and L. P. van de Spiegel, the 

 subject of an interesting monograph. The 

 work of P. Corstiens on the Prince Bishop of 

 Minister, Bernhard von Galen, also deals with 

 an epoch highly important to the States of 

 the Netherlands. 



The second volume has been brought out 

 of the " General History of the People of the 

 Netherlands," by Dr. W. J. F. Nuijens, a work 

 written from a Roman Catholic point of view ; 

 while the "History of the Fatherland in the 

 Sixteenth Century," by H. J. van Wees, seems 

 intended solely for young people. Groen van 

 Prinsterer's " Handbook of the History of the 

 Fatherland," which treats matters from the 

 orthodox Calvinistic stand-point, has reached 

 a third edition; while, on the other hand, a 

 new edition has come out of the " Historical 

 Sketches" of Groen's most bitter political 

 antagonist, J. R. Thorbecke. 



Branches of history other than the purely 

 political have been in a marked degree neg- 

 lected. In archaeology, heraldry, and geneal- 

 ogy, there is nothing worth of mention. The 

 same may be said of the history of music and 

 fine art, although a new journal of ecclesias- 



