654 



OHIO. 



County, there is some "black band " in the 

 same position. In Mahoning County, from 

 eight to eighteen inches of black-band iron-ore 

 is found." Prof. Ne wherry reports the black- 

 band stratum in different localities in Stark 

 County, where it attains a maximum thickness 

 of twenty feet, but is less rich in iron than in 

 Tuscarawas County. 



Pig- Iron. The Secretary of State complains 

 that the law under which statistics of iron- 

 manufacture were to be returned to his office 

 has this year been a dead letter, and he is there- 

 fore unable to give trustworthy statistics on 

 this important branch of Ohio manufacture. 



Iron and Steel. From advance sheets of the 

 national census, the Secretary compiles a table 

 showing 62 iron manufactories of all kinds, in 

 Ohio, in 1870, employing 5,388 hands, nearly 

 $8,000,000 capital, paying over $3,000,000 an- 

 nually in wages, using nearly $10,500,000 ma- 

 terial, and turning out products to the value 

 of $15,500,000. Since that year, the number and 

 operations of these establishments have been 

 greatly enlarged, as Cleveland alone, which in 

 1870 had but eight rolling-mills, had 14 in 1872. 

 Ohio stands fourth in the manufacture of iron- 

 rails, and in 1871 produced nearly 76,000 tons. 

 Of rolled and' hammered iron, Ohio manufac- 

 tured more than one-tenth of all in the United 

 States the amount for Ohio being over 76,000 

 tons. Bessemer steel, of which 45,000 tons 

 were made in the United States in 1871, is in 

 Ohio manufactured only at Cleveland. 



Marriages and Divorces. The number of 

 marriages, in 1872, was 26,303, exclusive of 

 Coshocton County, whose probate judge could 

 not, the Secretary says, be induced to report ; 

 an increase in the number of marriages over 

 the previous year of 1,053. The number of 

 marriages in 1872 was larger than in any year 

 for fourteen years, except 1866, 1867-^68, in 

 the first of which there were 30,479 ; in the 

 next, 29,230; in the next, 28,231. In these 

 three years, marriages, postponed during the 

 war, took place. One thousand and twenty- 

 six divorces were granted in 1872, which was 

 41 less than the previous year. Less than one- 

 lialf the actions for divorce were brought by 

 husbands. Of the whole number, 235 were 

 for adultery. The proportion of divorces to 

 marriages is 1 to 25. 



Births. The number of births in 1872 was 

 61,210 ; an increase of 1,293 over 1871. Of the 

 births in 1872 only 384 were illegitimate. 



J)eaths.ThQ deaths in 1872 were 25,202, 

 which was 43 more than the previous year. 

 Eleven persons who died in 1872 were upward 

 of one hundred years old. 



Naturalizations. Persons naturalized in 

 1872 were 3,001, or two more than the pre- 

 vious year. 



Illiteracy. Number of persons ten years 

 old and over, who cannot read, 92,720 ; num- 

 ber between fifteen and twenty-one years old, 

 and over, who cannot write. 173,172 ; of these, 

 134,102 are natives, and 37,070 foreign born. 



School Attendance. The* returns of school 

 attendance show a total of 645,639, of which 

 632,202 are native, and 13,437 foreign. The 

 divisions, by sex and color, are 329,367 males, 

 and 306,413 females, whites, and 5,097 male, 

 and 4,747 females, colored. 



Pauperism. The number of paupers in 

 county infirmaries, in 1871, was 4,651 ; in 

 1872, it was 4,985, an increase of 334. The 

 number of paupers otherwise supported by the 

 counties in 1871 \vas 866 ; in 1872 it was 2,434; 

 an increase of 1,568. The total in 1871 was 

 5,517; in 1872, 7,419; an increase of 1,902. 



Prisoners and Jails. Whole number of pris- 

 oners in county jails reported during the year, 

 5,000 ; total cost of keeping them, $50,587.95. 

 These show the reports of eighty-one counties 

 only. 



New Structures. Number of new buildings 

 of all kinds erected in 1872, 16,994. 



Banks. Number of national banks, 146; 

 capital, $25,521,700; private and other banks, 

 1,831 ; capital, $7,267,096. This shows an in- 

 crease of fifteen in the number of national 

 banks reported, and their capital has been in- 

 creased $2,755,790. The number of private 

 banks shows an increase of thirty-five during 

 the year, and the capital of these banks has 

 been increased $2,162,628. 



Bonds, etc., exempt from Taxation. The 

 amount of legal-tender notes, or other moneys 

 exempt from taxation, as returned for this 

 year, is $9,378,747, being a decrease on last 

 year, of $1,328,333.50. 



Wealth and Taxation. The total valuation 

 of property, as returned to the Auditor of State 

 for 1872, is as follows : Acres of land returned 

 for taxation, 25,421.137; value of lands, $699,- 

 478,744 ; value of real estate in cities and vil- 

 lages, $330,684,784; value of personal prop- 

 erty, $494,159,590 ; total valuation of taxable 

 property, $1,524,323,118; increase over 1871, 

 $2,193,147. The taxes levied in 1872, collect- 

 able in 1873, were : State taxes, $4,414,557.25 ; 

 county, and local taxes, $18,834,422.49 ; delin- 

 quencies and forfeitures, $561,992.23; total, 

 $23,810,971.97. A map showing the amount 

 of wealth per capita, as reported to the United 

 Census Bureau, makes the Western Reserve, a 

 large portion of Central Ohio, and a wide belt 

 of Northern Central Ohio, average from $750 

 to $1,250 to every inhabitant. A considerable 

 portion of Central Ohio, including the northern 

 part of Scioto Valley, and almost the entire 

 Miami Valley, average $1,250 to $2,000 per 

 capita. Cincinnati, and the country imme- 

 diately surrounding it, are the only parts of 

 Ohio where the aggregate wealth averages over 

 $2,000 per capita. This map only represents 

 developed wealth, and is no criterion of the 

 actual resources of the country. 



Incorporated Companies. There has been a 

 large increase of incorporated companies. Char- 

 ters have been issued during the year, to 409 

 new companies, with an aggregate capital stock 

 of $138,206,960. Twenty manufacturing, rail- 



