LITERATURE, ENGLISH, IN 1873. 



441 



manuscript. Prof. Sven Nilsson lias once 

 more, in a new edition of "The Age of Bronze" 

 (" Bronstildern " asserted his theory of Phoeni- 

 cian colonists having settled in Scandinavia. 

 The following works also deserve attention : 

 " Bronsaldern i Sverige," by Montelius ; " The 

 Prehistoric Peoples in Europe," first part, 

 by Hildebrand ; and a sumptuous, illustrated 

 work, " Engravings from the " Historical Un- 

 seam," by B. Hildebrand, antiquary to the 

 State, and his son, H. Hildebrand. 



In his "Notes of a Painter" ("En Ma'lares 

 Anteckningar "), Egron Lundgren has com- 

 bined the keen eye of an artist for all that 

 is picturesque in landscapes, men, and fah- 

 ions, with the witty and pleasant language 

 of a clever writer. In lyrical poetry and 

 native dramatic works the harvest of the year 

 is uncommonly poor. As for novels, it is 

 not to be denied that the numerous volumes 

 of Claud Gerard (a pseudonym) and Mrs. 

 Schwartz enjoy a great popularity, and are 

 constantly asked for in circulating libraries ; 

 but the critics justly class them as weak imita- 

 tions of ill-chosen models. 



LITERATURE, ENGLISH, ix 1873. In Eng- 

 land, as in this country, while the past year 

 was a period of considerable activity in publi- 

 cation, few works of marked importance ap- 

 peared. These are so promptly reproduced 

 here often, indeed, simultaneously issued in 

 both countries that little need be added to the 

 account given in the preceding article under 

 the sub-title REPEIXTS. 



According to the statement of the Pub- 

 Htheri 1 Circular, the books and pamphlets 

 published during the year numbered 3,463, in- 

 cluding American importations and excluding 

 new editions. The pamphlets were extremely 

 few, only 170, that kind of publication having 

 been killed by the newspaper ; and the works 

 of fiction stand foremost, 831. Next comes 

 theology, with 770 works ; and next 688 books 

 of art, or books so illustrated as to be books 

 of art. After these follow histories, books of 

 poetry, and 283 works of travel, geography, or 

 geographical research. 



In Theology and Philosophy, the book that 

 excited the largest amount of criticism and 

 discussion was undoubtedly Dr. Matthew Ar- 

 nold's "Literature and Dogma." A work 

 quite as radically opposed to the generally re- 

 ceived opinions published later in the year, 

 and as yet not much discussed is " Problems 

 of Life and Mind. First Series: The Founda- 

 tions of a Creed," by George H. Lewes. The 

 remarkable volume (referred to in the preced- 

 ing article), "Liberty, Equality, and Frater- 

 nity," by James Fitzjames Stephen, has been 

 followed by a series of papers equally bold and 

 unsparing, entitled "Essays on Freethinking, 

 and Plain Speaking," by Leslie Stephen. 

 "Essays by "William Godwin " is a publication 

 that was perhaps due to the memory of the 

 author from those who are the heirs of his 

 anti-Christian philosophy and zeal, but as to 



most people, of whatever religious belief, it is 

 an anachronism. Prof. Max Muller's "Lect- 

 ures on the Science of Religion," issued here 

 in an imperfect form, have been published, 

 with other papers, by the author. The third 

 volume of "Religious Thought in England, 

 from the Reformation to the End of the Last 

 Century," by John Hunt, completes a work 

 of great interest and value. " The Cambridge 

 Paragraph Bible," edited by Prof. F. H. Scriv- 

 ener, is a learned and useful contribution to 

 the literature of the Authorized Version. Dr. 

 Samuel Davidson has published an essay " On 

 a Fresh Revision of the English Old "Testa- 

 ment;" the Rev. James Martineau, some 

 " Studies in Christianity ; " and the Rev. F. 

 W. Farrer, a series of sermons, entitled " The 

 Silence and the Voices of God." The Rev. T. 

 R. Birks, in his "First Principles of Moral 

 Science," it is generally felt, has left for him- 

 self abundant room for progress in the science. 

 "Hegel's Logic," translated by W. Wallace, 

 and Kant's "Theory of Ethics," translated by 

 T. K. Abbott, need only to be mentioned as 

 new versions of well-known works. 



In the department of Science, particularly of 

 popularized science, little is published abroad 

 that is not speedily naturalized in America. 

 But a few noticeable books that have not, so 

 far as we have observed, been republished 

 here, may be enumerated. " A History of the 

 Mathematical Theories of Attraction, and the 

 Figure of the Earth, from the Time of New- 

 ton to that of Laplace," by J. Todhunter, 

 M. A. ; "Essays in Political Economy, Theo- 

 retical and Applied," by J. E. Cairnes, and 

 "Cobden and Modern Political Opinion," by 

 Prof. Thorold Rogers; " Comparative Politics," 

 by Edward A. Freeman; Sir John Lubbock's 

 "Origin and Transformations of Insects; " St. 

 George Mivart's "Man and Apes;" Frank 

 Buckland's "Familiar History of British Fish- 

 es;" "English Gypsies, and their Language," 

 by Charles G. Leland; and "Records of the 

 Rocks," by W. S. Symonds represent differ- 

 ent fields of investigation, and different styles 

 of exposition. 



In History, we notice, "India, on the Eve. 

 of the British Conquest," by Sidney Owen, a 

 work valuable for itself, and useful as an intro- 

 duction to the history of British India; "A 

 History of Crime in England, illustrating the 

 Changes of the Laws, and the Progress of Civ- 

 ilization: Vol. I., to Henry VII.," by Luke 

 Owen Petre; "The Huguenots in France," by 

 Samuel Smiles; "History of the Church of 

 France," by the Rev. ~W. H. Jervis; "History 

 of Jamaica," by W. J. Gardner; and "My 

 Diary in the Last Great War," by W. H. Rus- 

 sell. The third volume of Masson's "Life of 

 Milton," that enormous wrappage of history- 

 of-England around the life of the poet, is made 

 up of alternate layers of history, biography, 

 and criticism. The "Life and Correspondence 

 of Sir John Burgoyne," of the " First Earl of 

 Minto," of Lloyd, " First Lord Kenyon," of 



