MALLORY, STEPHEN R. 



MANZONI, COUNT A. 



463 



ty-four ice establishments during the year cut 

 and packed 301,000 tons of ice, valued at 

 $522,000. In the fishing industry 861 vessels 

 are employed, the total value of the product 

 exceeding $800,000. The value of the manu- 

 factures of wool during the past year was 

 $7,000,000; leather, $4,000,000; paper, $3,- 

 000,000; flour and grist-mill products, $2,225,- 

 000 ; iron, cast and forged, $2,500,000 ; ma- 

 chinery, $2,500,000 ; edge-tools, nearly $750,- 

 000; oil-cloths, $1,500,000; bricks, $500,- 

 000; fertilizers, nearly $80,000: menhaden 

 and kerosene oils, $500,000 ; canned products 

 of the soil and sea, $1,750,000; granite quar- 

 ried, $4,500,000 ; lime, $1,800,000. 



One of the most encouraging signs of pros- 

 perity was the great revival in ship-building, 

 which developed itself in 1873. During the 

 year there were built 276 vessels, with an ag- 

 gregate tonnage of 89,817 tons, and valued at 

 $5,500,000. This was more than double the ton- 

 nage of 1872, and nearly as large jas that of any 

 one of the prosperous years before the war. 



The total value of the agricultural produc- 

 tions for 1873 is nearly $57,000,000; manu- 

 factured and industrial products, $96,000,000, 

 an increase of 22 per cent, within three years, 

 making the total value of the agricultural and 

 mechanical productions, $152,750,798. The 

 total wealth of the State, valued on a cash 

 basis, is $242,808,688, an increase since 1870 of 

 $17,985,828. 



MALLORY, STEPHEN R., a Southern po- 

 litical leader, former ~0. S. Senator, born in 

 Nassau, N. P., in 1810; died at Pensacola, 

 Fla., November 16, 1873. He was the son of 

 a sea-captain of Bridgeport, Conn., who died 

 in 1821, while at Key West with his vessel; 

 the widow and son, remaining, opened a hotel 

 there. He was educated in New York and 

 Connecticut, and returning to Key West, 

 studied law, and was admitted to the bar of 

 Florida in 1833. He became County Judge 

 for Monroe County, and Judge of Probate, and 

 aluo received from President Jackson the ap- 

 pointment of inspector of customs at Key 

 West. In 1845 he was appointed by President 

 Polk to the lucrative office of collector of that 

 port. He was a delegate to the National Con- 

 vention in 1850, and the following year was 

 elected to the U. S. Senate by the Florida 

 Legislature, and reflected in 1857, serving 

 until the secession of his State in January, 

 1861, when he was formally expelled. He 

 was an active agent in promoting secession, 

 having been one of the Southern Senators 

 who held a secret consultation at Washington 

 for the purpose of organizing a confederacy. 

 l)nring the civil war he held the post of 

 t.ary of the Confederate Navy, in which 

 his duties were almost nominal. At the close 

 of hostilities he was arrested and held as a 

 pri-oner of State until March, 1866, when he 

 was released on parole. In 1867 he was 

 pardoned by President Johnson, and since that 

 time had lived mostly in retirement. 



MANZONI, Count ALESSANDEO, an Italian 

 poet and novelist, born at Milan, March 8, 

 1784 ; died in Rome, May 22, 1873. He has 

 by some writers been confounded with the 

 radical Republican leader, Count Manzoni of 

 Florence, who was in 1849 associated in a 

 triumvirate with Guerrazzi and Montanelli in 

 that city ; but the two were not even near 

 kinsmen. Count Alexander Alanzoni's father, 

 though a count, was not educated, but his 

 mother was a daughter of the famous publicist 

 Beccaria, whose treatise on " Pains and Punish- 

 ments " excited so much attention, and his 

 grandson came largely under his influence. 

 He was educated at Milan and Pavia, and 

 while he had imbibed from his grandfather the 

 Voltairean philosophy, the poetic side of his 

 nature put him in sympathy with Alfieri, 

 Monti, and Foscolo. In 1805 he went with 

 his mother to Paris ; the name of Beccaria in- 

 troduced him to the society of the younger 

 philosophers of the Voltairean school, such as 

 Volney, Garat, Tracy, and Fauriel. His first 

 poem, produced in 1806, under these influences, 

 was in blank verse, and inspired by the sudden 

 death of a friend. It was entitled " In morte di 

 Carlo Inibonati." A beautiful passage in this 

 seems to have been the motto and watchword 

 of his subsequent life. It was that beginning, 

 " Non far tregua coi vili; il santo vero," etc. 

 It may be thus translated, " To make no com- 

 pact with meanness ; never to betray the sacred 

 truth ; and never to utter a word which shall 

 encourage vice, or which shall ridicule virtue." 

 He returned to Milan in 1807, and married the 

 next year Louisa Henrietta Blondel, the daugh- 

 ter of a Genevese banker. In 1809 appeared 

 his mythologic poem, " Urania." It was at 

 this time that he met with that spiritual change 

 which transformed him into a new being. 

 Through the instructions of his grandfather, 

 and the philosophical teachings of his Parisian 

 friends, he had grown up from boyhood an 

 infidel, perhaps an atheist; but his wife had 

 become a devout convert to Catholicism, and 

 he was drawn to the same faith by the feeling 

 of the absolute need of his soul for a faith in 

 which it could rest. He signalized his con- 

 version by the publication, in 1810, of a col- 

 lection of lyric pieces of the most lofty and 

 fervent character on the Nativity, the Passion, 

 the Resurrection, and Ascension of our Lord. 

 For ten years Manzoni published nothing 

 more ; then appeared his brilliant romantic 

 tragedy, " il Conte di Carmagnola," which drew 

 from Goethe and Schiller the highest com- 

 mendations, though severely criticised in some 

 quarters. He replied to his critics in a digni- 

 fied letter written in French, " Upon the Unity 

 of Time and Place in Composition." In 1823, 

 he published a second tragedy, " Adelchi," of 

 great merit and beauty, into which he had in- 

 troduced very freely (as indeed he had done to 

 some extent in his previous tragedy) the an- 

 cient choruses. Between the two, he had 

 published an ode on the death of Napoleon, 



