652 



NICARAGUA. 



872,129, of which D. Willers, Jr., received a 

 majority of 9,893. The total vote for Con- 

 troller was 671,919; for Treasurer, 671,'- '7. 

 Hopkins's majority tor Controller was 4. '">".. 

 Raines's majority for Treasurer was 12,835. 

 The Prohibition ticket received 3,272 votes. 

 The Legislature was divided as follows : 



Two questions were submitted to the voters 

 at this election 1. Shall the Chief Judge and 

 the Associate Judges of the Court of Appeals, 

 and the Justices of the Supreme Court, be 

 hereafter elected or appointed? 2. Shall tlio 

 Judges of the Superior Courts of New York 

 City and Brooklyn, of the Court of Common 

 Pleas of Buffalo, and the several county judges 

 throughout the State, be hereafter elected or 

 appointed 1 The majority for the election of 

 higher Judges was 204,642 ; for the election 

 of lower Judges, 208,935. 



NICARAGUA (RKP<TBLIOA DE NICARAGUA), 

 an independent state of Central America, 

 Kin;; between latitude 10 45' and 15 10' 

 north, and longitude 83 11' and 87 38' west. 

 It is bounded north by the Republic of Hon- 

 duras, east by the Caribbean Sea, south by 

 Costa Rica, and west by the Pacific Ocean. 



According to the Almanack dt Gotha, the 

 area of the republic is 47,090 square miles^ 

 but in a semi-official work, entitled " Notat 

 Qeogrdflcat y Econbmita* de la Republics de 

 Nicaragua," published in Paris in 1873 by M. 

 Pfinl Levy, it is given at 40,000 square miles. 



The territory of the state is divided into 

 seven departments, which, with their popula- 

 tions in 1873, according to the authority 

 named, are as follows : 



Oranada .................................. Sfl.OOO 



Leon .................................... 85,000 



RtTM ..................................... JO.OOO 



Cbinandcga ............................... 18,000 



Chnntalei ................................. M.OOO 



MaUsalpa ............................... J8.080 



M.OOO 



Total ................................. 108,000 



To this total should be added 30,000 un- 

 civilized, comprised of 20,000 smoos or Indians 

 of various tribes, and 10,000 Mosquitos, zam- 

 bos, black Caribs, etc. 



Of the civilizcii inhabitants, about thir 

 twenty-sixths are Indians of unmixed blood ; 

 eleven twenty-sixths mestizoes (W/not, from 

 whites and Indians, and zambos, from n- 

 And Indians); and two twenty-sixths whit, s, 

 these last being mainly descendants of the 

 irly Spanish colonists. Xienrniriia, the cap- 

 ital, has about 6,000 or 7,000 inhabitants. 



The President of the Republic is Vicente 

 Quadra, elected February 1, 1871 ; the Minister 



of Foreign Affairs. A. Rivers; the Minister of 

 Finances, /. de hi Kucha; the Minister ot tin- 

 Interior and of War, Falla; and the M:: 

 of Public Instruction, F. Barharens. 



The President of the Senate is P. Chamor- 

 ro; and the President of the Chamber of Depu- 

 ties, Z. E. Ceendna. The consul-general of 

 Nicaragua in New York is Alexander J. Co- 

 theal, Esq. The Bishop of Nicaragua is M. 

 Ulloa y Calvo. 



The army, in 1878, was composed of 6,000 

 men ; 4,80(1 foot, 400 horse, 600 artillery, and 

 300 staff-officers. 



Nicaragua is the most backward of the 

 Central American States in the matter of 

 education. The University of Leon has three 

 faculties medicine, law, and theology ; and 

 that of Granada has a chair of law, and 162 

 grammar students. 



There are in the whole republic ninety-two 

 schools for males, with an attendance of 3,871, 

 and nine schools for females, with an attend- 

 ance of 582. In other words, out of 12,000 

 males between the ages of seven ami lift, i n 

 years, but 4,000 attended school; and but 

 out of 18,000 females of the same age. 



A law exists, but is rarely enforced, re- 

 quiring parents to send all their children be- 

 tween seven and fifteen years to school, and 

 prescribing a fine of 45 cents per day for cadi 

 infraction. 



The finances of the country are, and have 

 long been, in a deplorable condition. Tlio 

 revenue is for the most part derived from 

 government monopolies on spirits, tobacco, 

 and gunpowder, and from import duties, and 

 a tax on slaughtered cattle. The expenditure 

 is chiefly devoted to the maintenance of the 

 army, and the payment of interest on the na- 

 tional debt. 



The legal rate of interest on money is 12 per 

 C'-nt. per annum. The municipal revenue of 

 tli.- city of Managua, capital of the republic, 

 in 1872, amounted to $4,10-J.-J."i. 



The chief articles of export are indigo, 

 India-rubber, gold, coffee, cotton, cacno, sugar, 

 hides, deer-skins, Brazil and other dy, - 

 timber, etc. The value of the exports aver, 

 about $1,000,000 annually, and that of the 

 imports somewhat less. 



The imports from England, by far the most 

 considerable, include cotton, woolen, and 

 linen fabrics, cutlery, etc. ; those from the 

 United States, provisions, drugs, ngriculturol 

 and other machinery; and from France and 

 Germany, fancy articles, wines, etc. 



The value of the imports nt S.-m Juan di-1 

 Nrte in the first quarter of 1ST:!, with tin; 

 countries from which they were received, was 

 as follows : 



Comlita. V.t. 



Enelanrt StM.OOft 95 



France f,614 



fnilod SutM 19.4*1 80 



Spain ,:- 



Italr a.644 M 



Gcrminv a.iim r.i 



ToUL $330,106 79 



