644 



PORTUGAL. 



Mlnbo 



Traa-w-Moatoa . 



A. : Ms*. 



Alfarre.. 



Total 



A tore* Inland*.. 

 Madeira Islands 



Total province* end lilanda. 



1,807.47 

 4 >. M 

 0,44.6I 

 MUM 

 0,416.14 



ijm.tt 



34,601.60 



'.r..i is 

 314.65 



85.814. 7S 



M71.0U1 



UHfU 

 HMM 



i-.-.i-.-j 



X&8.083 



The foreign possessions of Portugal are as 

 follows: 



The two largest cities are Lisbon, with 

 275,286 inhabitants (1868), and Oporto, with 

 89,821 inhabitants. In the fifteenth century, 

 Portugal is said to have had about 6,000,000 

 inhabitants ; in 1782, only 1,860,000. 



The Legislature is called Cortes Geraes, or 

 General Cortes. It consists of two Chambers, 

 the " Camara dos Paros," or Chamber of Peers, 

 and the " Camara don Disputados," or Chamber 

 of Deputies. The peerage, in virtue of a law 

 passed May 27, 1864, ceased to be hereditary 

 in certain families, and all the members of the 

 first Chamber are now named for life by the 

 King. The Chamber of Peers nominate tln-ir 

 own President and Vice-Presidcnt, and in 1878, 

 numbered 188 members. The members of the 

 Chamber of Deputies are chosen in direct 

 election, continental Portugal being divided 

 into ninety-four electoral districts, and Madeini 

 and the Azores into five; each of which return 

 one member. All citizens, possessing a clear 

 annual income of at least 188 milreis, have the 

 right of voting, and all hnving an income of 

 at least 890 are eligible. The annual session 

 lasts three months, and new elections must 

 Uke place at the end of every four years. In 

 case of dissolution, a new Parliament must be 

 called together immediately. The General 

 Cortes meet and separate at stated periods 

 without special intervention of the King, who 

 also can only twice veto a law passed by both 

 Ohonl 



The following were the gross sums of the 



budget of the financial year 1878 to 167-i 

 (value expressed in milreis) : 



RKVIM-E. 



1. Dln-cl tie. S.667.S19 



5. Kegiater 1.W8.KIO 



8. Bumped paper 704.000 



4. Indirect iaxe 11.W0.644 



6. National domiin ,1W).(JM 



8. Dedoctioua from civil lift and talariea.... 



7. Interest on bonds In public exchequer 1.5HU1G 



Total ,1(>3.564 



IXPENDITURI. 



1. Interest on home and foreign debt in.r,70.M9 



i. Ministry of Finance 8,648,078 



8. Ministry of Foreign Affaire S47.977 



4. Ministry of the Interior 1.85*,*1 



6. Ministry of Worship and Justice 6*!.7 



6. Mlnlstryof War J,40!(W 



7. Ministry of the Navy and Colonle* l.W.8f 



8. Ministry of Public Worka 1,5*,186 



Total, ordinary iS. 581.616 



Total, eitranrdinarv 1.SS6.880 



The budget of the colonies for the year 1870 

 to 1871 was as follows : 



Cape Verde Inlands 



St. Thomas and Priuclpe. 



Anirnla 



Mozambique 



India 



Macao and Timor 



Mi'rr .. 



U7.0M 



tojta 



180,741 



177.179 



in;.:iiis 



Mllr.lt 



Ji :;::,1 



S9S.444 

 lb-7.018 

 883,540 



J^,.MII 



Total 1,464,101 1 1,881,006 ()81,886 



Tlie public debt of Portugal dates from the 

 year 1796, when the first loan of 4,000.000 

 milreis was raised. In 1886 it amounted to 

 66, 000,000 milreis; in 1888, to 62,000,000; in 

 1848, to 74,000,000; in 1858, to 79,000,000 ; in 

 1871, to 846,000,000; in 1872, to 849,000,000. 

 The last loan of Portugal, issued in September, 

 1878, was in bonds, for the nominal amount 

 of 88,000,000 milreis at three per cent. The 

 bonds of tins loan were all taken in Portugal, 

 at the issue price of 48$ per rent. The iiiUr- 

 est on the public debt has frequently remained 

 iiii|ini(l. and portions of the public debt hare 

 at various periods been repudiated. 



The military system is based on the law of 

 June 28, 1864, which has been modified liy 

 several decrees of the year 1868 as well, as by 

 a decree of October 4, 1869. The strength of 

 the army is to be 80,128 on the peace footing. 

 and 68,460 on the war footing. As the 

 of the finances has hitherto not allowed the 

 carrying out of this provision, the actual 

 strength of the standing army is much less. 

 In 1869 it amounted to only 16,640 men. 



The navy of Portugal was in 1878 composed 

 of 88 vessels (29 armed and 9 not armed), with 

 288 guns. It is officered l>y one vice-admiral, 

 five rear-admirals, and thirty-one captains, 

 and manned by 8.498 sailors and marines. 



The trade of Portugal in the years 1869 and 

 1870 was M follows: 



MH 



Import-M.4n.onO 

 ,600.()00 



Mllr.lt. 



17.810.000 



