354 



GERMANY. 



lotte, born 1860 ; Victoria, born 1866 ; Sophia, 

 born 1870 ; Margaretha, born 1872. Imperial 

 Chancellor (Reichskanzler), Otto, Prince von 

 Bismarck-Schonhausen. President of the Im- 

 perial Chancery (Reichskanzler-Amt), Del- 

 briick, Minister of State. 



The following table exhibits all the states 

 of the German Empire, the area, the popula- 

 tion, the number of representatives of every 

 German state in the Federal Council, and the 

 number of deputies who represent each state 

 in the Reichstag: 



The Federal Council has nine standing com- 

 mittees: 1. For the army and fortresses; 2. 

 For the navy ; 3. For taxes, tariff, and excise ; 

 4. For commerce ; 5. For railroads, posts, and 

 telegraphs ; 6. For justice ; 7. For accounts ; 

 8. For Foreign Affairs; 9. For Alsace-Lor- 

 raine. The Emperor appoints the members of 

 the first committee, except the member of 

 Bavaria, and all those of the second; the 

 members of the other committees are elected 

 by the Federal Council. Prussia is represent- 

 ed in each of the committees except that of 

 Foreign Affairs, which in 1874 consisted of the 

 representatives of Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Sax- 

 ony, Baden, and Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and 

 was presided over by the representative of 

 Bavaria. 



The members of the Reichstag are elected 

 by universal suffrage and ballot, for the term 

 of three years. The first Reichstag, elected 

 in 1871, consisted of 382 members; the sec- 

 ond, elected in 1874, and containing also 15 

 members for Alsace-Lorraine, of 397. 



The census of 1871 showed the religious di- 

 vision of the population composing the Ger- 

 man Empire as follows : Evangelical Church 

 (under which head the census embraces the 

 United Evangelical Church, Lutherans, and 

 Reformed), 25,581,709 ; Roman Catholics, 14,- 

 887,091; Greek Catholics, 2,660; Christian 

 sects of various denominations, 79,553 ; Isra- 

 elites,- 512,171; other forms of religion, 1,917; 

 religious profession unknown, 15,594. The 

 Roman Catholics constitute a majority in 



Alsace-Lorraine (79.7 per cent.) ; Bavaria 

 (71.3 per cent.); and Baden (64.5 percent.): 

 they are a considerable minority in Prussia 

 (33.5 per cent.) ; Wurtemberg (30.4 per cent.) ; 

 Hesse (27.9 per cent.); Oldenburg (22.6 per 

 cent.) ; they only number from 3 to 1 per cent. 

 in Saxe - Weimar, Bremen, Lippe, Waldeck, 

 Brunswick, Hamburg, Saxony, Anhalt, and 

 Schaumburg-Lippe, and less than 1 per cent, in 

 all the other states. The Jews number 4.1 per 

 cent, of the population in Hamburg, 3.0 per cent, 

 in Hesse, 2.6 per cent, in Alsace-Lorraine, from 

 2 to 1 per cent, in Bavaria, Baden, Prussia, 

 Waldeck, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Lubeck, and 

 less than 1 per cent, in the other states. Of 

 the German princes, only two are Catholics, 

 the Kings of Bavaria and Saxony. The Old 

 Catholics, in 1874, had about 100 congregations, 

 containing a population of about 60,000. 



The states of Germany are constitutional 

 monarchies, with the exception of the three 

 Hanse towns, which are democratic republics, 

 and the two grand-duchies of Mecklenburg, 

 where the old feudal institutions, notwith- 

 standing the urgent demands of the population 

 and the admonition of the German Reichstag, 

 had, in 1874, not been abolished. In the 

 principality of Lippe-Detmold, the constitu- 

 tional government has for some years been 

 suspended in consequence of a conflict between 

 the government and the representatives of the 

 people. Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Wurtem- 

 berg, Baden, and Hesse, have Diets consisting 

 of two Chambers ; all the other states have 



