[GAB. 



437 



at rewoniible rate*. A revision of the patent-laws 



>i Stuti-.i IB imperatively demanded, BO u 



.i iu<'ii..j".l\ of ii>oful inventions, uiid at 



;ivt- |T|.iT encouragement uud re- 



iin.iii-riti'.n to imentorit. 



'<td, That thu present peace policy of dealing 



in- IH.IMII.-. has fuih-d to aifo(d adequate pro- 



.1 to tlio frontier bottlers, and we aro in favor 



:iif iho Indiuti HUITUU to the control of 



the War Ki-piirtment. 



Jtuolvtd, 1'liiit wu commend the action of Congress 

 'tiling the act known an the back-pay law, and 

 un uiiu'inliiifiit to tlie nutionul Constitution 

 which shall forever prohibit any Congress from in- 

 creasing its own compensation. 



Jtuofvtd, That drunkenness is one of the greatest 

 curses of modern society, demoralizing every tiling 

 lies, imposing fearful burdens of taxation upon 

 tin.' people, a fruitful breeder of pauperism and crime, 

 uud a worker of evil and only evil continually ; hence 

 we aro in favor of such legislation, both general and 

 local, as experience shall show to be most effectual 

 in destroying this evil. 



Jl&olvta, That we rejoice with the citizens residing 



on the Osage ceded lands over the late decision ot 



reuit Court in their favor, and point to that de- 



oi>i.m as evidence that the riguts or the people are 



safe in tin- hands of the courts. 



Sewlotd, That the unwritten law enacted by the 

 example of the Father of his Country, in declining a 

 reflection to a third presidential term, is as con- 

 trolling as though it was incorporated in the national 

 Constitution.and ought never to be violated. 



Sewlted, That the public lands of the United 

 States are sacredly held for the use and benefit of the 

 actual settlers, and we condemn and disapprove of 

 any further grants of the public domain to railroads 

 and other corporations. 



The election took place on the 3d of Novem- 

 ber, and resulted in the choice of the Republi- 

 can candidates. The total vote for Governor 

 was 84,132, of which Osborn received 48,824, 

 and Cusey 35,808, making the former's ma- 

 jority 13,616. There was a temperance can- 

 didate, W. K. Marshall, who received 2,277 

 votes. The majority of the Republican candi- 

 dates for the other State offices was about 

 20,000. Two Republican and one Democratic 

 member of Congress were chosen at the same 

 time. The Legislature of 1875, chosen at the 

 same election, consists of 21 Republicans, 9 

 Reformers, and 8 Democrats, in the Senate; 

 and 78 Republicans, 12 Reformers, 10 Demo- 

 crats, and 3 Independents, in the House, with 

 one seat vacant on account of a tie- vote- 

 making the Republican majority 9 in the Sen- 

 ate and 52 in the House, or 61 on a joint bal- 

 lot. 



There was considerable trouble with the 

 Indians on the southwestern border during 

 the summer. In June twenty-six citizens were 

 killed in Ford, Barbour, and Gomanche Coun- 

 ties. A portion of the militia was called into 

 service by the Governor and sent to protect 

 the borders, which seems to have been effectu- 

 ally done during the rest of the year. 



KASHGAR, also called East Toorkistan, a 

 Mohammedan empire in Central Asia, formerly 

 a part of the Chinese Empire. A revolt of the 

 Tunganes or Dungenes, Mohammedan inhabi- 

 tants of mixed Tartar and Chinese descent, 

 which broke out in 1868, and was followed by 



a rising of the Kirghiz Tartars, resulted in a 

 u u \L-ars in the e-xpulbion of tli<.- Oiiut-bv, and 

 tlio Hiilijurl.ion <>t' all the revolted pro* lure* to 

 Mohammed Yakub Beg, a military chief from 

 Klmkan. Yakub beg has gradually consoli- 

 dated Ins dominion, the area of which in 1874 

 . stimated at 670,000 square miles, with a 

 population of about l,0to,000. 



The establishment of a new state in Central 

 Asia naturally attracted to a high degree the 

 attention of the Governments of Great Britain 

 and Russia, and active negotiations have been 

 carried on by both with Yakub Beg, who at 

 first assumed the title of Attalik-Ghaza (Head 

 of the Warriors). After the return of a special 

 embassy to Constantinople which sought and 

 obtained for him the recognition of sovereign 

 by the Sultan, he changed his former title into 

 Ameer, and his name henceforth will be Ameer 

 Mohammed Yakub Khan. 



It may be assumed that the negotiations of 

 both Russia and the British Government in 

 India with Yakub Beg have generally been of 

 a secret character, and are as yet but imper- 

 fectly known. The British Government of 

 India in 1873 resolved to recognize Yakub Beg 

 as sovereign, and to send Mr. David Forsyth 

 at the head of a large and brilliant suite to 

 Kashgar, in order to present to the new sover- 

 eign letters from the Queen of England and 

 the Viceroy of India, and to negotiate with 

 him a treaty of commerce. The mission ar- 

 rived in Kashgar in December, 1873, and was 

 received by Yakub Beg with the greatest 

 marks of honor. An agreement concerning a 

 commercial treaty was soon reached, and the 

 treaty signed on February 2, 1874. The Eng- 

 lish Government, in this document, formally 

 recognized Yakub Beg, his heirs and success- 

 ors, as rulers of the territory of Kashgar and 

 Yarkand. The subjects of either Government 

 will be at liberty to enter with their goods the 

 territory of the other, to reside there and to 

 carry on commercial pursuits, and they will 

 enjoy the same privileges and advantages as the 

 subjects of the country, or of the most favored 

 nation. These rights are granted for all times 

 and all roads, and all limitations are excluded, 

 except such as may be demanded by urgent 

 political causes. The European subjects of 

 Great Britain who enter the territory of the 

 Ameer must be provided with regular passes. 

 The British Government engages to admit &\\ 

 goods which are introduced into British India 

 from the territory of the Ameer by way of the 

 Himalaya passes, free of duty. On the goods 

 imported into British India from the territory 

 of the Ameer, no duties shall be imposed ex- 

 ceeding 2| per cent. The British Government 

 has the right of appointing a representative 

 at the court of the Ameer, and commercial 

 agents in all towns and places of British India 

 where he chooses. The Ameer may appoint 

 a representative near the Viceroy, and com- 

 mercial agents in any place of British India. 

 The British subjects have the right to buy, 



