LITERATURE, ENGLISH. 



LIVERPOOL DOCK EXTENSIONS. 475 





and in England, and havo been spoken of in 

 another conneotion. 



the abundant literature of Geography. 

 !, and Exploration, the one work of 

 world-wide interest was "The Last Journals 

 of D:ivi.l Livingstone." Baron Hubner's 

 41 Il.'imblo round the World," translated by 

 Lady llorlii-rt, has amused three-quarters of 

 the globe. lu'sidostheso, wo havo noted "Fair 

 ii.i," by Lady Jackson ; " Spain and the 

 Spaniards," by N. F. Thioblin, "AzainatBa- 

 tuk ; " "Geography of Greece," by Rev. II. F. 

 ; u From the Indus to the Tigris," by 

 11. II. Bellow; "Meeting the Sun; a Journey 

 all round the World," by W. Simpson ; " The 

 Straits of Malacca, Indo-China, and China," 

 by J. Thomson ; and " Illustrations of China 

 and its People : a Series of 200 Photographs, 

 with Letter-press Descriptions," by the same; 

 " Days near Rome," by A. J. 0. Hare ; " Two 

 Years in Peru," by T. J. Hutchinson; and 

 " The Amazon and Madeira Rivers," by F. 

 Kellen. 



Of works on Art, it is a coincidence worthy 

 of note that almost at the same time that an 

 American translation of Lessing's " Laocoon " 

 was announced it was met by the announce- 

 ment of a translation by Sir Robert Phillimore. 

 "Our Sketching Club," by the Rev. R. St. 

 John Tynvhitt, has boon laid in installments 

 before the readers of an American magazine. 

 He is also the author of the " Art-Teaching of 

 the Primitive Church ; " Mr. S. Redgrave's 

 " Dictionary of Artists of the English School ; " 

 Mr. J. B. Atkinson's " Art Tour to the North- 

 ern Capitals of Europe," and "Historic and 

 Monumental Rome," by C. J. Hemans, are no- 

 ticed ; and Mr. Ruskin finds leisure from his 

 labors in political and social economy to utter 

 a voice now and then upon his specialty. If 

 illustrated works were to be added, most of 

 the volumes of travels would claim a place also 

 here, and a large number besides, that have not 

 been referred to. 



Fiction constitutes a large share of the liter- 

 ary product of England, but we find none 

 worthy of particular notice in addition to the 

 list of authors already given, whose works en- 

 joy an American circulation. 



Among miscellaneous works should be men- 

 tioned " Lectures on Shakespeare," translated 

 from the German of Dr. Elze, by Dora Schmidt ; 

 41 The Works of Thomas Love Peacock," edited 

 by Lord Houghton; "Hone Hellenicro," by 

 Prof. J. S. Blackie ; " Hours in a Library," by 

 Leslie Stephen ; " Facts vt. Fiction : The Hab- 

 its and Treatment of Animals," by the Hon. 

 Grantley F. Berkeley ; " Essays," by Richard 

 Congr-vo, the representative of Comptism in 

 England; "Scottish Rivers," by the late Sir 

 Thomas Dick Lander, with a preface by Dr. 

 John Brown; "Rocks ahead," by W. Rath- 

 bone Gregg ; " On Compromise," by John Mor- 

 ley; "The Three Devils," by David Masson ; 

 " Toilers and Spinsters," by Miss Thackeray ; 

 i! A Book about the Table," by J. C. Jeaffreson; 



4> History of Bookseller*," by Henry Curwen; 

 and the " Speeches of the Late Lord Lytton." 



hi the number of books published there was 

 a fulling off as compared with the year 1873, a 

 decline accounted for by tho increase in the 

 cost of production. The whole number of new 

 books was 8,351, classified as theological, 

 478; educational, classical, and philological, 

 801; juvenile, 207; novels, 516; law, 71 ; poli- 

 tics and trade, 101; arts, science, and illus- 

 trated works, 421 ; travels and geography, 

 178; history and biography, 205; poetry and 

 the drama, 223 ; year-books and serials in vol- 

 umes, 243 ; medicine, 95 ; belles-lettres, essays, 

 etc., 150 ; miscellaneous, including pamphlets, 

 93. The falling off in production is most 

 marked in theology, but there is a nearly pro- 

 portional increase in science and belles-lettres. 



LIVERPOOL DOCK EXTENSIONS. Al- 

 ready much progress has been made in carry- 

 ing out the great scheme of dock extension 

 in Liverpool, projected by Mr. G. F. Lister, 

 the dock-engineer. The new docks begun 

 are those to be devoted to the accommodation 

 of the steam-trade. They are to be made in 

 the space reclaimed from the foreshore of the 

 Mersey, between the north quay of the Canada 

 Basin and the Seaforth shore. The area of 

 this space is about 1,865,000 square yards, the 

 length being about 6,200 feet, and the breadth 

 2,000 feet. At the front of this tract of land, 

 and parallel with the river, a wall of enormous 

 strength has been built, faced with granite. 

 At the back will be formed a roadway or prom- 

 enade, which may become one of the attrac- 

 tions of the town, and will certainly be of ad- 

 vantage to the inhabitants of the surrounding 

 neighborhood, which is thickly populated. A 

 large portion of the area thus inclosed is now 

 being filled up ; and, to prevent the encroach- 

 ment of the sea, a wall has been built from 

 Primrose Bridge down to the river-wall, a dis- 

 tance of nearly 2,200 . feet. The foundations 

 have been laid at the extreme westerly point 

 of this wall, where it joins the river frontage, 

 for a strong battery, to be constructed by the 

 Government for the defense of the port. 



The aim of the engineer has been to retain 

 undisturbed, as far as possible, the existing ar- 

 rangements and appropriation of the adjoining 

 docks, while providing for largely-increased 

 dock and shed accommodation for steamers of 

 unusually large size. The width of tho en- 

 trance to the Canada Basin from the river is 

 accordingly to bo increased from 250 feet to 

 400 feet. The area of tho basin will be en- 

 larged from seven acres to eleven acres, and 

 form one of the principal entrances of the new 

 docks. There will be other very wide en- 

 trances in the new north dock-wall. The basin 

 is to be excavated to a great depth, and the 

 sill will be laid much deeper than any thing 

 hitherto constructed on the Liverpool side of 

 the Mersey ; thus giving a depth of water at 

 tho highest state of the lowest tides during the 

 year sufficient for the entrance of tho largest 



