784 



SWITZERLAND. 



thus asked to surrender a portion of their old 

 customs. Finally, the innovations'in the rela- 

 tions between the Catholic Church and the 

 cantonal governments are of a sweeping kind, 

 and will place the Roman Catholic Church in 

 Switzerland in a yet more subject state than 

 that to which it is being reduced in Germany. 

 Hence the vote of the Catholic party was given 

 undividedly against the revision. Save as re- 

 gards ecclesiastical affairs, the present revision 

 was much less ambitious than its rejected pred- 

 ecessor ; and this fact no doubt accounts for 

 the striking contrast between the present and 

 the previous pleMscitum : while the latter was, 

 in 1872, adverse to revision by a majority of 

 about 4,000, the people this time approved re- 

 vision by about a two-thirds majority. The 

 proportion of those voting for the revision to 

 the total number of voters, in the several can- 

 tons, .was as follows: 



Per cent. 



Schaffhausen 96.7 



NeufcMtel 92.9 



Zurich 84.6 



Basel (country) 86.6 



Basel (city) 84.4 



Thurgau 82.9 



Appenzell, Out.Rhodes 82.9 



Bern 77.3 



Geneva 77.3 



Glarus 76.8 



Soleure 65.1 



Aargau 65.1 



Vaud 58.7 



Per cent. 



St.-Gall 57.0 



Orisons 53.4 



Zng 39.6 



Lucerne 3.83 



Ticino 33.4 



Nidwalden 18.9 



Freybnrg 18.8 



Schwytz 17.5 



Obwalden 17.2 



Valais * 15.7 



Appenzell, In. Rhode?, 14.3 

 Uri. 7.9 



The popular vote on the revised Constitu- 

 tion, as well as the election of new Grand 

 Councils in a number of cantons, shows that, 

 on the whole, the policy of the Federal author- 

 ities in church questions, as well as the exten- 

 sion of the jurisdiction of the central Govern- 

 ment, was only, as heretofore, opposed by the 

 Catholic cantons of Lucerne, Zug, Schwytz, 

 Uri, Unterwalden, Freyburg, Valais, and the 



half-canton of Appenzell (Inner Rhodes). The 

 only addition to this phalanx was the canton 

 of Ticino, which, though wholly Catholic, had 

 for more than thirty years, during all the con- 

 flicts of the Federal Government and .the Cath- 

 olic bishops, sided with the former. The gov- 

 ernment of the canton cast again its vote in 

 favor of the revision, but the large majority 

 of the people voted against it. Many other in- 

 dications showed that the long ascendency of 

 the Liberal party in this canton had been un- 

 dermined, and thus foreshadowed the com- 

 plete overthrow of the Liberal party, which 

 took place at the new election of a Grand 

 Council at the beginning of 1875. 



The conflict between the Federal authorities 

 and the majority of the cantons on the one 

 hand, and the heads of the Catholic Church on 

 the other, continued throughout the year 1874. 

 The Papal nuncio and the bishops sent, in Jan- 



uary, 1874, notes to the Federal Council, pro- 

 testing against the proposed suppression of the 

 Papal nunciature to Switzerland,* but the Fed- 

 eral Council resolved to lay them on the table, 

 and the Papal nuncio, having received his 

 passports, departed on February 9th. The 

 Grand Councils of Bern, Geneva, St.-Gall, and 

 others, continued to encourage the Old Catho- 

 lics, who remained in possession of nearly all 

 the Catholic churches in the canton of Bern, 

 and in addition received a faculty of (Old) 

 Catholic theology in connection with the Uni- 

 versity of Bern. The progress of the Old 

 Catholic movement among the Catholic popu- 

 lation appears, however, not to have been con- 

 siderable, and at the close of the year the 

 organization had not been completed by the 

 election of a bishop. 



* See ANNUAL CYCLOPEDIA for 1873. 



