AVEZAO-MAOAYA, M. A. P. DE. 



BALTHAZAR, 0. V. A. DE. 



63 



journalist, political economist, and statesman. 

 He first came into public notice as editor of 

 the National, a leading journal of Buenos 

 Ayres; afterward he received the appoint- 

 ment of Professor of Political Economy in the 

 university of that city ; and then became sue-' 

 cessively legislator, Minister of the Interior in 

 the province of Buenos Ayres, and Minister of 

 Public Instruction. In this last capacity, dur- 

 ing the Sarmiento administration, he revealed 

 in a peculiar manner those brilliant merits 

 which have since been rewarded by his elec- 

 tion to the presidency. 



Among the many monuments of his zeal, 

 as Minister of Public Instruction, are the 150 

 public libraries distributed throughout the 

 country ; national colleges in each of the prov- 

 inces ; special scientific institutes, with profess- 

 ors brought expressly from Europe for the 

 different chairs therein ; the National Observa- 

 tory, under the direction of Dr. Gould, the 

 learned American astronomer, etc., etc. 



Dr. Avellaneda had already gained consider- 

 able fame by the radical reform achieved by 

 him in the system of division of public lands ; 

 and he is the author of an important work on 

 that subject, entitled "Estudios sobre tierras 

 publicas." 



AVEZAC-MACAYA, MABIE AEMAND PAS- 



CAL DE, a French geographer, was born at 

 Bagneres de Bigorre in 1799 ; died January 

 14, 1875. He was admitted to the bar in 

 Paris, and subsequently entered the ministry 

 of the navy, where he soon rose to the position 

 of a chief of bureau. He soon turned his at- 

 tention to geography, and particularly to the 

 explorations of Africa. In 1834 he became 

 secretary of the Geographical Society. Be- 

 sides the general reports of this Society, he 

 wrote numerous other learned essays, and 

 many articles for the bulletin of the Society, 

 of which he was a director. He was one of 

 the founders of the Ethnological Society of 

 Paris, and a member of the principal geo- 

 graphical and ethnological societies of the 

 world. He has also written " Essais historiques 

 sur le Bigorre" (2 vols., 1823); "Esquisse 

 generale de 1'Afrique ; " " Etudes de Geo- 

 graphie critique sur 1'Afrique septentrionale; " 

 "Notice sur le Pays et le Peuple de Y6bous" 

 (1845); ^"Notice des Decouvertes faites au 

 moyen Age dans 1'Ocean atlantique ; " "Les 

 lies fantastiques de 1'Ocean occidentale au 

 moyen Age " (1845) ; and has also contributed 

 numerous articles to the JRevue des Deux 

 Mondes, "Annales des Voyages," "Encyclop6- 

 die nouvelle," Le Globe, " Encyclopedic des 

 Gens du Monde," etc. 



B 



BABOOOK, KUFUS, D. D., clergyman and 

 author, was born at North Colebrook, Conn., 

 September 18, 1798 ; died at Salem, Mass., May 

 4, 1875, aged 76. He was graduated at Brown 

 University in 1821, and acted as tutor in Co- 

 lumbian College (now University), D. 0., two 

 years. He was ordained pastor of the Baptist 

 Church in Poughkeepsie in 1823, and became 

 associate pastor, with Dr. Bolles, of the First 

 Baptist Church in Salem, Mass., in 1826. He 

 was, in 1833, elected President of Waterville 

 College, Me. (now Colby University). After 

 three years, he returned to pastoral duties: 

 first as pastor of the Spruce Street Church, 

 in Philadelphia ; then of his former charge in 

 Poughkeepsie ; and, finally, as pastor of the 

 First Baptist Church in Paterson, N. J. For 

 many years he took a leading part in the great 

 movements of the Baptist denomination in the 

 United States. 'He was three times elected 

 Corresponding Secretary of the American and 

 Foreign Bible Society. He was also Corre- 

 sponding Secretary of the Sunday - School 

 Union of Philadelphia, and of the American 

 Colonization Society, and District Secretary 

 of the Baptist Publication Society, Philadel- 

 phia. Dr. Babcock founded, and for five 

 years edited, the Baptist Memorial, a monthly 

 magazine of biography and current religious 

 intelligence. He published " Claims of Educa- 

 tion Societies" (1829) ; "Review of Beckwith 

 on Baptism " (1829) ; " Making Light of Christ " 



(1830) ; " Memoirs of Andrew Fuller (1830) ; 

 George Learned (1832) ; Abraham Booth, and 

 Isaac Backus ; " History of Waterville Col- 

 lege " (1836) ; " Tales of Truth for the Young " 

 (1837) ; "Personal Recollections of Dr. John M. 

 Peck " (1858) ; and " The Emigrant' s-Mother " 

 (1839). He likewise contributed many articles 

 to "Annals of the American Pulpit," edited by 

 Dr. Sprague. As a preacher, he was popular 

 and instructive ; as a scholar, his learning was 

 more exact than extensive. 



BALTHAZAR, CASIMIB YIOTOE ALEXANDER 

 DE, a French artist of some note, was born at 

 Hayange (Moselle), in 1809 ; died April, 1875. 

 He went to Paris about the year 1827, and 

 studied under Delaroche until 1832. He sent 

 his first picture to the annual exhibition in 

 1833. Worthy of notice are : "The Head of 

 John the Baptist offered to Herodias ; " " To- 

 bias led by the Angel ; " "Lara and Kaled ; " 

 " Gotz von Berlichingen " (1837) ; " The Vi- 

 sion of Joan of Arc ; " " Joan of Arc in Prison " 

 (1838) ; " The Baptism of Clovis ; " " The De- 

 votion of a Trumpeter ; " " Diana in Repose ; " 

 " The Pious Mother." Besides historical sub- 

 jects, he painted some portraits, among which 

 are those of Colonel Handy, of the Bishop 

 of Gap, and of Cardinal Donnet ; "The Death 

 of Lara" (already exhibited in 1840), "Christ 

 and the Good Samaritan," and a portrait, ap- 

 peared at the Universal Exposition of 1855. 

 He exhibited, in 1859, a picture entitled " At 



