78 



BELOO'CHISTAN. 



BERNHARDY, GOTTFRIED. 



were supplied with arms and were paid by the 

 Indian Government. To make sure of their 

 faithfulness, detachments of Indian troops and 

 former non-commissioned officers of the Indian 

 army were distributed among them, who were 

 rewarded with patents as officers in the militia. 

 This mixture with Indian troops, however, did 

 not work well. The princes regarded the mat- 

 ter more as a form, and appointed old men or 

 faithful servants to the militia, who were any- 

 thing but soldiers. An improvement was made 

 in 1871. Instead of the princes of the entire 

 tribe the chiefs of the border tribes are now 

 the leaders, and the entire population able to 

 bear arms are enrolled in the militia. Inspec- 

 tions are held, and an English general with his 

 staff has command. Several regiments of In- 

 dians specially enlisted for this purpose, with 

 five batteries and sixteen guns, are added to 

 the militia. In 1873 these troops numbered 

 12,416 men, 146 Europeans held officers' po- 

 sitions, and the expenses amounted to about 

 $1,800,000. 



The latest differences between the Khan of 

 Kelat and the Indian Government are explained 

 as follows : In November, 1872, the Khan was 

 called before the Viceroy, Lord Northbrook, 

 when he was traveling through the province 

 of Sinde. But in spite of the brilliant recep- 

 tion which was given him by the English offi- 

 cers, the Khan retained the impression that it 

 was only the first step toward his deposal. In 

 this opinion he was strengthened when, in Feb- 

 ruary, 1873, he was forced to pay $30,000 as 

 an indemnification for the Jobbery of some In- 

 dian merchants in the Bolan Pass, and still 

 more so when at a personal interview with the 

 Governor of Sinde it was demanded of him to 

 dismiss his chief counselor, who was hostile to 

 the British. This demand the Khan did not 

 accede to, but on the contrary treated Major 

 Harrison, the British agent at his court, with 

 such marked rudeness, that the Indian Govern- 

 ment recalled its agents, and withheld the an- 

 nuity of $25,000 regularly paid since 1854. 

 They furthermore ordered the authorities on 

 the border to observe a strict neutrality, while 

 formerly they assisted the Khan with advice 

 and even with troops, if a subordinate chief 

 had collected a large retinue around him. In 

 consequence of these measures, the anarchy 

 increased, but, contrary to expectations, pro- 

 duced disorders in the British territory. In 

 February, 1874, a band of 200 Brahni rushed 

 with such impetuosity into the middle of Sinde 

 in pursuit of fugitive slaves, that they had taken 

 their slaves, with their families and their prop- 

 erty, across the border, before the guards had 

 *been alarmed or ready for pursuit. The Indian 

 Government demanded of Kelat the extradition 

 or the punishment of the robbers, but in an- 

 swer to repeated demands received only evasive 

 replies. The reason for this the British agent 

 who returned last sees in the impotence of the 

 Khan. His report is as follows : "The prince 

 is actually not able to call the robbers to ac- 



count, and the country must in a very short 

 time become a prey to the worst kind of an- 

 archy. Even now we can hardly speak of a 

 government in Kelat or in any part of Beloo- 

 chistan ; the body-guard of the prince have for 

 some time been in arrears with their pay, and 

 are in consequence arrogant toward the tax- 

 payers, and mutinous toward the Khan. The 

 high dignitaries of the country are everywhere 

 ready to fight for or against their sovereign, 

 but like him want the means for any larger 

 undertaking. The prince is surrounded by bad 

 counselors, and is neither able nor willing to 

 bring back any tribe to order or obedience." In 

 Indian governmental circles it is very deeply 

 felt that the robbers of the previous year still 

 boast of their impunity, and at the same time 

 incite others to like deeds. The border police 

 had all along been considered excellent, and a 

 few regiments of native cavalry were deemed 

 sufficient to protect the border as long as the 

 neighboring prince could control his subjects ; 

 but recently it has proved itself decidedly in- 

 sufficient. The border is becoming more un- 

 safe, inroads of armed bands are increasing, 

 and commerce has ceased entirely. According 

 to the official report of 1873-' 74, for the prov- 

 ince of Bombay, the number of the military 

 police has been increased on the border, but 

 the concentration of troops announced some 

 time ago has not yet taken place. 



BERNARD, WILLIAM BAYLK, dramatist, 

 born in Boston, Mass., in 1808 ; died in Lon- 

 don, in August, 1875. He was the son of a pop- 

 ular English comedian, and prepared for the 

 press his father's " Recollections of the Stage." 

 He was the author of many popular plays, the 

 best known of which are, " The Nervous Man 

 and the Man of Nerve," " The Irish Attorney," 

 " His Last Legs," " The Boarding School," and 

 "Life's Trials." 



BERNHARDY, GOTTFEIED, an eminent Ger- 

 man philologist, born March 20, 1800 ; died May 

 13, 1875. He received his education in the 

 Joachimsthal Gymnasium in Berlin, and the 

 university of the same city, which he entered 

 at seventeen years of age. From 1823 to 1829 

 he was professor in Berlin, and in the latter 

 year he went as professor to the University of 

 Halle, where he remained up to his death. In 

 1844 he was appointed chief librarian of the 

 University Library, and in 1862 was created 

 " Geheimer Regierungsrath." During his stay 

 in Berlin he published two of his larger works, 

 "Geographi Grseci minores " (Leipsic, 1828), 

 of which, however,, only the first volume has 

 ever been issued ; and "Wissenschaftliche Syn- 

 tax der griechischen Sprache " (Berlin, 1829). 

 Among his later works the most important are : 

 "Grundriss der romischen Literatur" (Halle, 

 1830) ; " Grundriss der griechischen Litera- 

 tur" (2 vols., Halle, 1836-'45), and an edi- 

 tion of "Suidas" (4 vols., Halle, 1834-'53). 

 These three works principally have raised 

 him to the foremost ranks of modern philo- 

 logians. 



