228 



DAKOTA. 



DELAFIELD, EDWARD. 



Assembly, lie showed himself opposed to the 

 republican form of government, and to the 

 coup d'etat of Louis Napoleon. During the 

 Empire he withdrew from political life, but in 

 1871 he was again elected to the National 

 Assembly. He again showed himself an out- 

 spoken Legitimist, and voted in all important 

 questions with his party. 



DAKOTA. This Territory lies between 42 

 30' and 49 of north latitude, and is bounded 

 .north by British America, east by Minnesota 

 and Iowa, south by Nebraska, and west by 

 Wyoming and Montana Territories. It is about 

 400 miles in length and breadth, and contains 

 about 60,000 inhabitants. 



It occupies the most elevated land between 

 the Arctic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, and 

 its rivers run both north and south. The Mis- 

 souri is the principal river, running more than 

 a thousand miles through the Territory, and is 

 navigable by steamboats quite a distance be- 

 yond its limits. There are also the Red River 

 of the North, the Big Sioux, the Big Cheyenne, 

 White Earth, and the Dakota. These are all 

 important streams, and bordered by the richest 

 lands. The soil is extremely fertile, and large 

 tracts of land are adapted to grazing, being 

 productive of the finest grasses. 



The Territory is believed to be very rich in 

 minerals. Gold, silver, iron, and copper, have 

 been discovered, and coal also exists in vast 

 quantities. The Government is of the Terri- 

 torial form usual in the United States. The 

 capital is Yankton, situated on the Missouri 

 River, in the southeast corner of the Territory. 

 The famous Black Hills are within the Terri- 

 torial limits. 



DAUMER, GEOEG FEIEDEIOH, a German wri- 

 ter and poet, was born at Nuremberg, March 5, 

 1800, and died in December, 1875. He studied 

 at the Gymnasium of Nuremberg, of which 

 the philosopher Hegel was at that time the 

 director. In 1817" he went to the University 

 of Erlangen, to study theology, and for a time 

 held pietistic views; but arfter attending the 

 philosophical lectures of Schelling, he aban- 

 doned theology, and devoted himself to philol- 

 ogy. In 1822 he was appointed as teacher at 

 the gymnasium of his native city, and remained 

 in that position until 1827, when a disease of 

 the eyes compelled him to resign. Henceforth 

 he devoted himself wholly to literary labors. 

 He took great interest in the mysterious found- 

 ling Caspar Hauser, who was educated at his 

 house. From 1826, when his first work ap- 

 peared (" On the Course and Progress of our 

 Mental Culture since the Reformation," Nu- 

 remberg), until his death, he was a most pro- 

 lific writer. As an imitator of the Persian 

 love-poetry of Hafiz he gained many ad- 

 mirers. He wrote, in prose, on a variety of 

 subjects, but in none did he take so profound 

 an interest as in the philosophy of religion. 

 He showed an open and violent opposition to 

 Christianity, and charged the early Christians 

 with heinous crimes. At the same time how- 



ever, he had a controversy with Feuerbach, 

 against whom he defended the essence of reli- 

 gion. He believed in a religion of the future, 

 the "religion of love and peace," the structure 

 of which he undertook to delineate in the 

 work "Religion des neuen Zeitalters" (3 vol- 

 umes, Hamburg, 1850). In the progress of his 

 studies, he changed his opinion concerning the 

 origin of Christianity, and withdrew his charges 

 which he had brought against it in his earlier 

 writings. In 1858 he joined, at Mayence, the 

 Roman Catholic Church, and nearly all the 

 works published by him since were written in 

 the interest of this Church. His special atten- 

 tion was given to mystical phenomena, in the 

 Church and out of it, and he intended to have 

 published an exhaustive work on mystical 

 occurrences ("Der Mystagog," vol. i., "Das 

 Geisterreich," 1867), but it was not completed. 

 His works on Caspar Hauser ("Mittheilungen 

 uber Kaspar Hauser," Nuremberg, 1832, and 

 " Enthullungen uber Kaspar Hauser," Frank- 

 fort, 1839) attracted, of course, great attention 

 on account of the intimate relation of Daumer 

 to the foundling. In 1872 his interest in the 

 Hauser controversy was revived by the publi- 

 cation of new official documents, by means of 

 which a Bavarian jurist, Julius Meyer, endeav- 

 ored to prove (" Authentische Mittheilungen 

 uber Kaspar Hauser") that Hauser was an im- 

 postor. Daumer once more defended his fos- 

 ter-son, in an exhaustive work, entitled "Kas- 

 par Hauser, sein Wesen, seine Unschuld, seine 

 Erduldungen und sein Ursprung" (Ratisbon, 

 1873). Daumer still adhered to the theory set 

 forth in his former works, that Hauser was the 

 son of the Grand-duke Charles of Baden and 

 his wife Stephanie, and that the Countess of 

 Hochberg and Major Hennehofer were the 

 authors of the crime which was designed to 

 secure the succession in Baden to the children 

 of the Countess and the Grand-duke Charles 

 Frederick. (See HAUSEE, KASPAB, controversy 

 on.) 



DELAFIELD, Dr. EDWAED, was born in 

 1794, and died February 13, 1875, aged eighty. 

 He was a son of Mr. John Delafield, a merchant 

 of New York City. He graduated at Yale Col- 

 lege in 1812, and studied medicine in the office 

 of Dr. Samuel Bonowe. After graduating at 

 the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1815, 

 and passing the regular term of service at the 

 New York Hospital, he went to London, where 

 he was the pupil of Sir Astley Cooper and Dr. 

 Abernethy. After a year's absence he re- 

 turned to New York City, and in 1820, in con- 

 nection with Dr. J. K. Rodgers, he established 

 the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. Of 

 this institution he was attending surgeon until 

 1850. Soon after the foundation of the in- 

 firmary he became a partner of Dr. Bonowe, 

 and commenced a large and lucrative practice. 

 In 1834 he was appointed one of the attending 

 physicians of the New York Hospital. In 1838 

 he was appointed Professor of Obstetrics and 

 Diseases of Women and Children in the Col- 



