DELAWARE. 



DENMARK. 



231 



the fishing commission, and $1,800 for binding 

 the code. The outstanding liabilities of the 

 State were given as $1,224,000, on which the 

 interest is $73,440, besides which two notes 

 given by the late Treasurer, and amounting to 

 $40,000, were to be paid. State bonds amount- 

 ing to $10,000 were due and to be paid, while 

 $14,000 in State bonds belonging to Delaware 

 College, which were due, were to be replaced by 

 other bonds. Thus the demands on the Treas- 

 ury for 1875 were calculated to be as follows: 



In executive and judicial departments $19,400 



In legislative session, 1875 * 23,000 



In extraordinary appropriations 17,800 



Interest on State and bonded debt 73,440 



Notes 40,000 



Bonds due and to be paid 10,000 



Total sum of $183,140 



The revenue to be derived from various 

 sources was stated as follows: 



State tax on county assessments $50,000 00 



Process tax 9,000 00 



Tax on railroads 44,000 00 



Interest from Junction & Breakwater Eailroad 24,000 00 



Interest from Breakwater & Frankford Eailroad 12,000 00 



License fees 48,790 00 



Interest on bank-stock 4,545 00 



Tax on banks and insurance companies 7,267 32 



From Secretary of State 712 00 



Fines and miscellaneous 1,164 16 



Cash on hand January 28, 1875 19,181 04 



Total $220,609 52 



This would leave a surplus of $37,469, which 

 it was thought would be increased by at least 

 $10,000 by payments from the counties of taxes 

 in arrears. As there is to be no legislative 

 session in 1876, it was estimated that there 

 would be a saving of expense in that year 

 amounting to $38,500, or the .amount of the 

 legislative expenses and extraordinary appro- 

 priations of 1875, which would leave a probable 

 surplus for that year of $75,000. A commit- 

 tee appointed to examine into the investments 

 of the State reported them to be in a perfectly 

 satisfactory condition. The cost of remodeling, 

 improving, and refurnishing the State-House 

 was $28,438.99, or $8,446.63 more than was 

 appropriated for the purpose in 1873. 



The State Board of Education was organized 

 in April, and consists of William H. Parnell, 

 President of Delaware College, J. C. Grubb, 

 Secretary of State, and Nathan Pratt, State 

 Auditor. The superintendent appointed by 

 the Governor is James H. Groves. The assess- 

 ments for the benefit of colored-schools under 

 the new law, it was estimated, would not ex- 

 ceed $3,200 for the three counties. There are 

 twenty-eight colored-schools in the State out- 

 side of Wilmington, where the control of edu- 

 cational matters is altogether in the hands of 

 the city. These were attended during the 

 year by between 1,100 and 1,200 colored chil- 

 dren. The "Delaware Association for the 

 Moral Improvement and Education of the 

 Colored People," of which Alfred Lee is presi- 

 dent, gives about six dollars a month to each of 

 these schools, besides the amount to be raised 

 by taxation of the colored property-holders. 

 Probably the most important industrial inter- 



est of the State is that of peach-growing. The 

 peach-growers held several meetings during the 

 summer, and had conferences with the mana- 

 gers of the principal lines of transportation 

 from the State to the chief markets of the 

 Atlantic coast and the interior. Special ar- 

 rangements were made for shipping the crop 

 as expeditiously as possible to these markets. 

 The whole marketable product of the year 

 amounted to 8,782,716 baskets. Of these 2,- 

 471,500 baskets were shipped by the Delaware 

 Railroad to Jersey City, 501,000 by the same 

 route to Philadelphia, 323,000 to Boston; by 

 the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, 575,500 bas- 

 kets ; by the Philadelphia & Reading, 204,000 ; 

 by the Pennsylvania, 164,000 ; to Western 

 New York, 55,500; to other points by rail, 

 123,000, making 4,117,500 baskets sent by the 

 Delaware Railroad at the point of shipment. 

 There were sent to New York by ocean ship- 

 ment, 300,000 baskets ; to Liverpool, 2,000 ; by 

 water to Philadelphia, 1,536,730 ; by water to 

 Baltimore, 1,887,000 ; other shipments, 58,432 

 baskets; consumed in Wilmington, 80,000; con- 

 sumed in canneries and drying-houses, 576,054 ; 

 consumed in distilleries, 225,000. The aggre- 

 gate returns to the producers over the cost of 

 shipment are calculated at $1,693,944. This 

 does not take into account the cost of picking 

 and hauling, and the loss on baskets and crates, 

 which would reduce the net profits on peaches 

 shipped to $753,944. The profits of the can- 

 neries, dry-houses, and distilleries, added to 

 this, would make the net value to growers of 

 the peach-crop of 1875, $1,018,944. 



The whipping-post as a legal means of pun- 

 ishment has not yet disappeared from Dela- 

 ware, though condemned by the public opinion 

 of the whole country. Seventeen persons were 

 publicly lashed at Newcastle in May, mostly 

 for stealing. There was another similar exhi- 

 bition in the same place in December, when 

 one man received twenty lashes for stealing a 

 chicken. It is the general testimony that the 

 class of crimes punished in this way is on the 

 increase, and it is certain that more persons 

 were pilloried and lashed at Newcastle this 

 year than for several years before. It is also 

 stated, as showing that this mode of punish- 

 ment is not so effective as is sometimes claimed, 

 that there are generally some victims brought 

 to the post who have suffered the same pen- 

 alty before. 



DENMARK, a kingdom in Northern Europe. 

 Reigning sovereign, Christian IX., fourth son 

 of the late Duke William of Schleswig-Hol- 

 stein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg, and of Princess 

 Louise of Hesse-Cassel ; appointed to the suc- 

 cession of the Danish crown by the Treaty of 

 London, of May 8, 1852, and by the Danish 

 law of succession of July 31, 1853; succeeded 

 to the throne on the death of King Frederick 

 VII., November 15, 1863; married, May 26, 

 1842, to Louise, daughter of Landgrave Wil- 

 liam of Hesse-Cassel. Heir-apparent, Prince 

 Frederick, born June 3, 1843; married, July 



