276 



EXHIBITION, CENTENNIAL. 



mounted by a dome. It consists of a central 

 section, a pavilion at each end, and arcades 

 connecting the pavilions with the centre. _The 

 dome rises 150 feet from the ground, terminat- 

 ing with a colossal bell, from which the figure 

 of Columbia rises. A colossal figure typifying 

 one of the four quarters of the globe stands 

 at each corner of the base. It is provided with 

 numerous halls, galleries, and promenades, and 

 the aggregate of wall -space is over TO, 000 

 square feet. The applications for space for 

 fine arts have been so numerous that another 

 building, the exact counterpart of this, is to be 

 erected, and even then it will be barely possi- 

 ble to accept all the applications. 



The Machinery Building is located 542 feet 

 to the west of the Main Exhibition Building, 

 with its north front in a line with the north 

 front of that structure. It consists of a main 

 hall, 1,402 feet long and 360 feet wide, with an 

 annex on the south side, 208 by 210 feet, the 

 whole covering an area of 12.82 acres. In- 

 cluding upper floors in portions of the build- 

 ing, there are 14 acres of floor accommoda- 

 tion. There are two main avenues, 1,360 feet 

 long and 90 feet wide, through the building, 

 with a central aisle between, and an aisle on 

 each side, each 60 feet wide. At the centre 

 there is a transept 90 feet wide. Shafting, 

 steam and water power, etc., are provided. 

 The annex on the south side is for hydraulic 

 machinery, and contains a tank 60 feet by 160, 

 with a depth of water of 10 feet. 



The Horticultural Building is provided 

 through appropriations of the city of Phila- 

 delphia, and is to remain as a permanent orna- 

 ment of the park. It is situated a short dis- 

 tance north of the Main Building and Art 

 Gallery, overlooking the Schuylkill River. It 

 is in the Moresque style of the twelfth century, 

 and built mainly of iron and glass. It is 383 

 feet long, 193 wide, and 72 feet high to the 

 top of the lantern. There is a central con- 

 servatory, 230 feet by 80, and 55 feet high, 

 surmounted by a lantern 170 feet long, 20 wide, 

 and 14 high ; around this are forcing-houses, 

 galleries, etc. The building is approached by 

 ornamental terraces and spacious stairways, 

 and surrounded by fountains and grass-plots. 

 The Agricultural Building stands north of the 

 Horticultural, and consists of a nave 820 feet 

 long by 125 feet wide and 75 feet high, crossed 

 by three transepts, the central one 100 feet 

 wide and the others 80 feet wide. Both nave 

 and transepts are composed of truss arches of 

 Gothic form, and are built of wood and glass. 

 The whole structure will be a parallelogram 

 820 feet long and 540 wide, covering over 10 

 acres. In the immediate vicinity are stock- 

 yards for the exhibition of horses, cattle, sheep, 

 swine, poultry, etc. 



These are the buildings provided* by the 

 Commission for the general exhibition, but 

 there are many others designed for special 

 purposes and provided by the representatives 

 of different countries and States, or by associa- 



tions of exhibitors. Among these is a building 

 erected by the United States Government for a 

 collective exhibition of articles illustrating the 

 functions and faculties of the Executive Depart- 

 ments. The departments taking part are those 

 of War, the Treasury, the Navy, the Interior. 

 Post-Office, Agriculture, and the Smithsonian 

 Institution. There is a Women's Building cov- 

 ering an acre of ground and costing $30,000, 

 in which are to be exhibited the products of 

 female industry in every line. During the ex- 

 hibition women will be actually employed in 

 the building on the work requiring skill in 

 which they specially excel. Many of the States 

 and foreign countries will have buildings of 

 their own for the accommodation of their rep- 

 resentatives and exhibitors, and of their peo- 

 ple generally. Thus far (January, 1876) fifteen 

 States have determined to erect buildings. 

 These will generally contain waiting-rooms 

 and various accommodations for visitors, rooms 

 for the meetings of associations, offices for the 

 State managers, post-office and telegraph facili- 

 ties, etc. The Ohio State building is to be 

 constructed of contributions from all the quar- 

 ries in the State. That of California will be 

 finished wholly with pine-cones. There will 

 be a building in which the working of the 

 stamp-mills and mining appliances of Nevada 

 and Colorado are to be shown. The British 

 buildings are to be in the exact style of those 

 of Chester in the seventeenth century. There is 

 to be a Vienna bakery with a ca/e, the partition 

 being of glass, so that the process of baking 

 can be seen by visitors. The Mexican com- 

 mission propose to erect a building for the 

 exhibition of Aztec antiquities. Among other 

 foreign buildings will be a Turkish bazaar and 

 coffee-house ; a Japanese building, in which the 

 domestic economy of the empire will be illus- 

 trated; a Swedish schoolhouse; and others 

 showing characteristics of the architecture and 

 modes of life of different countries. Near the 

 Women's Building is to be a Kindergarten 

 school in operation, under the charge of Miss 

 Elizabeth P. Peabody, and a New England farm- 

 er's home, exhibiting the kitchen and other 

 appliances of a hundred years ago contrasted 

 with those of the present time. The shoe and 

 leather trade will have a separate building 300 

 feet by 160, provided by the dealers and manu- 

 facturers of the United States, and intended 

 for the exhibition of the products of the world 

 . in leather. The Dairymen's Association will 

 also have a building, as will the wagon and 

 carriage manufacturers, and several other spe- 

 cial interests. Near the art buildings is a 

 large pavilion devoted wholly to photographs. 

 Among the other features of the grounds will 

 be an observatory 200 feet high, mounted by 

 cars on the outside ; a tower for the illumina- 

 tion of the park with the Gramm light, a struct- 

 ure near the river containing pumping ma- 

 chinery to supply the numerous fountains, 

 restaurants in the styles of different countries, 

 etc., etc. A model of Shakespeare's house at 



