278 FERDINAND I., EX-EMPEROR. 



FERRY, ORRIS S. 



F 



FERDINAND I., ex-Emperor of Austria, 

 was born in Vienna, April 13, 1793, and died 

 June 29, 1875. He was the eldest son of Em- 

 peror Francis I., and his second wife, Maria 

 Theresa, Princess of the Two Sicilies. His 

 health was always very delicate, and his edu- 

 cation was confided to two incompetent gov- 

 ernors. He showed at an early age great 

 kindness of disposition. In 1815 he under- 

 took a journey through Italy, Switzerland, and 

 France, which greatly benefited his health 

 and improved his mind. After his return he 

 devoted his time to the study of heraldry and 

 technology, and kept aloof from public affairs. 

 In 1830 he was crowned King of Hungary, in 

 Pressburg, under the title of Ferdinand V., 

 but did not take an active part in the affairs of 

 the state. In 1831 he was married to Princess 

 Caroline, daughter of King Victor Emmanuel of 

 Sardinia. In 1832 he escaped assassination at 

 the hands of Franz Reindl, a pensioned cap- 

 tain, who was incited to attack him by a re- 

 fusal of some money for which he had asked 

 the Emperor. Having succeeded his father as 

 Emperor of Austria on March 1, 1835, one of 

 his first acts was to relieve the condition of his 

 Italian subjects, many of whom had been im- 

 prisoned for state offenses. Otherwise 'he made 

 no change in the policy of the empire, and left 

 its affairs in the hands of the Archduke Louis 

 and of Prince Metternich. He was crowned 

 King of Bohemia in Prague, in 1836, and, as he 

 had done in Pressburg, he devoted the custom- 

 ary crowning-present of the Diet to objects of 

 public charity. On the day of his coronation 

 as King of Lombardy (September 6, 1838) he 

 issued an almost general pardon for all state 

 offenses committed in his Italian provinces up 

 to that date. The revolt in Galicia, in 1846, 

 was followed by the annexation of the free 

 city of Cracow to Austria. During the revo- 

 lutionary movement of March, 1848, he granted 

 the dismissal of Metternich, a more liberal con- 

 stitution, and the appointment of a responsi- 

 ble ministry. But, as these concessions were 

 deemed insufficient by the people, they revolted 

 in May, and the Emperor fled to Innspruck. 

 He returned in August, but, in consequence of 

 the revolt of October, he went to Olmutz, 

 where he abdicated in favor of his nephew Fran- 

 cis Joseph, on December 2, 1848. After that he 

 made his permanent residence at Prague, where 

 he died. His funeral took place at Vienna, July 

 5th. For forty years no Emperor's funeral had 

 taken place in that city. Immense crowds filled 

 the streets from the Imperial Castle to the Con- 

 vent of the Capuchins, the vaults of which con- 

 tain all the deceased members of the Hapsburg 

 family. The public buildings and principal 

 streets were heavy with huge "black flags. The 

 balconies were hung with black and silver. All 



the military wore mourning emblems. The 

 coffin was brought from the Imperial Castle, 

 the state hearse being drawn by eight black 

 horses. Every regiment was represented. The 

 procession went through long files of troops 

 amid the deep, respectful silence of thousands 

 of spectators. In the convent church the coffin, 

 which was covered with a black-and-yellow 

 velvet pall, was placed on a dais of gold bro- 

 cade. All the Austro-Hungarian ministers were 

 present, as well as most of the members of 

 both of the Diets, and all the embassadors and 

 generals. The church was draped in black, 

 emblazoned with the arms and titles of the late 

 Emperor. Cardinal Rauscher, assisted by fif- 

 teen bishops, celebrated the funeral mass, and 

 blessed the coffin. The religious exercises were 

 attended by the Emperor and Empress, the 

 Archduke Francis Charles, brother of the de- 

 ceased, and father of the Emperor Francis Jo- 

 seph, and nearly all the other members of the 

 imperial family, by the German crown-prince, 

 Prince Leopold of Bavaria, Duke William of 

 Mecklenburg, and Prince William of Wiirtem- 

 berg. The coffin was lifted from the dais, and 

 intrusted to the Capuchins, who carried it into 

 the old imperial vault behind the altar. 



FERRY, OERIS S., United States Senator 

 for Connecticut, born in Bethel, Conn., August 

 15,1823; died in Norwalk, Conn., November 

 21, 1875. He was graduated at Yale College 

 in 1844, studied law and was admitted to the 

 bar in 1846. In 1847 he was appointed lieu- 

 tenant-colonel of the Connecticut militia, and 

 in 1849 he was appointed Judge of Probate for 

 the District of Norwalk. After serving two 

 years in the State Senate, he was in 1866 ap- 

 pointed State's attorney for the county of 

 Fairfield. He retained this position until 1859, 

 when he was elected member of Congress for 

 the Fourth District. In the House he support- 

 ed the Republican party. At the outbreak of 

 the civil war, Mr. Ferry zealously supported 

 the Union, and labored ardently to organize 

 troops. He went to the field himself, and by 

 the exhibition of his military qualities he at- 

 tained the rank of brigadier-general. In May, 

 1866, Mr. Ferry was elected United States Sen- 

 ator, to succeed Lafayette S. Foster. The Re- 

 publicans had at the time a majority of 51 

 on joint ballot. His chief competitors were 

 Senator Foster and Governor Buckingham. 

 During the latter part of the reconstruction 

 period, he opposed President Johnson, and 

 was one of the Senators who voted " guilty " 

 at the impeachment of Mr. Johnson. In 1872 

 he was reflected by a coalition of Republicans 

 and Democrats, defeating Mr. Hawley, the 

 candidate of the regular Republicans. Subse- 

 quently, Mr. Ferry disappointed a section of 

 his supporters by his adhesion to the Admin- 



