FEAAS, KARL N. 



FRANCE. 



299 



FRAAS, KARL NICOLA.US, a distinguished 

 German writer on agriculture, was born Sep- 

 tember 8, 1810, in Stettelsdorf, Bavaria, and 

 died November 9, 1875. He entered the Uni- 

 versity of Munich in 1830, where he studied 

 medicine, natural history, and particularly 

 botany. In 1835 he went as inspector of the 

 Royal Gardens to Athens, and in 1836 was also 

 appointed Professor of Chemistry and Tech- 

 nology and Botany at the university of the 

 same city. He returned to Bavaria in 1842, 

 became inspector and Professor of Chemistry 

 and Technology in the Agricultural School in 

 Schleisheim in 1845, and in 1847 Professor of 

 Agriculture in the University of Munich, to 

 which was added in 1851 the directorship of 

 the school for veterinary surgeons. Among his 

 works may be mentioned: "Synopsis Florae 

 Classics" (1845), "Klima und Pflanzenwelt 

 in der Zeit, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte beider " 

 (1847), " Geschichte der Landwirthschaft" 

 (1851), "Die Schule des Landbaues" (second 

 edition, 1852,) "Die kunstliche Fischerzeu- 



gung (second edition, 1854), and "Buch der 

 Natur fur Landwirthe oder landwirthschaft- 

 liche Naturkunde" (1860). He was also for 

 eighteen years the editor of the Journal of 

 the Agricultural Society of Bavaria. 



FRANCE, a republic of Europe. President, 

 Marshal Marie Edmond Patrice Maurice de 

 MacMahon, Duke of Magenta, elected May 24, 

 1873. Chief of the Cabinet, Colonel Robert ; 

 Secretary of the President, Viscount d'Har- 

 court ; Vice-President of the Council of Min- 

 isters at the close of the year 1875, Louis Jo- 

 seph Buffet. 



The National Assembly consists of 738 mem- 

 bers. President, the Duke d'Audiffret-Pasquier. 



The area of France, according to the official 

 report on the census of 1872 ("Statistique de 

 la France "), was 204,092 square miles.* The 

 population, according to the census of 1872, 

 was 36,102,921. 



The following table exhibits the area and 

 population of each department, and the move- 

 ment of population during the year 1872 : 



* The area of the several departments, as published below, agrees with the table given in the ANNUAL CYCLOPAEDIA for 

 1873, except for the district of Belfort and the department of Vosges. The " Statistique de la France" gives for the former 

 233.44 square miles (instead of 2,34.72), and for the latter 2,268.93 (instead of 2,266.17). 



