FRANCE. 



315 



Nos. Votes. 



64. M. Berenger (Drome), Left Centre 825 



65. M. Magnin (C6te-<TOr), Left 324 



66. Admiral de Montaignac (Allier), Eight 823 



67. M. Denormandie (Seine), Left Centre | S1R 



68. M. Jules Simon (Marne), Left f 



69. M. Edmond Adam (Seine), Left 1 S1K 



70. Mgr. Dupanloup (Loiret), Eight f * 



71. The Marquis de Male ville (Dordogne), Left Centre... 810 



72. M. Laurent Pichat (Seine), Left 309 



73. M. Schoelcber (Martinique), Left 306 



74. M. Cazot (Gard), Left 305 



75. General Billot (Correze), TLeft 299 



The significance of these figures will be 

 easily perceived when it is remembered that 

 the National Assembly numbered 711 mem- 

 bers. Thus only thirteen Senators have been 

 elected by an actual majority (356) of the 

 whole House. Moreover, since the summer of 

 1875 no new writs have been issued to fill up 

 vacancies caused by death or otherwise, and 

 the Assembly accordingly lacked twenty-seven 

 members to make up its full complement of 

 738. An absolute majority of the full House 

 would, therefore, be 370, a figure only secured 

 by four of the Senators. Nine of the Sena- 

 tors are generals and one is a colonel ; four are 

 admirals; twenty-two are titled or bear the 

 nobiliary prefix of " De ;" one is a bishop ; three 

 are members of the Academy; twelve are 

 deputies for the Seine, in other words mem- 

 bers for Paris ; one is deputy for the " Mouths 

 of the Rhone," or Marseilles; one for the 

 Rhone, or Lyons; one for the Gironde, or 

 Bordeaux. Thirteen of the new Senators be- 

 long to the Extreme Right, or the Legitimists, 

 the adherents of the Comte de Chainbord ; six 

 are Orleanists, thirty belong to the Left Cen- 

 tre, and the group of Lavergne, twenty-four to 

 the extreme Left, while only one Bonapartist 

 has been elected. 



The life Senators represent forty-one depart- 

 ments and two colonies, and are distributed as 

 follows : 



ADAM, EDMOND, was born at Bec-Hellouin 

 in 1816. He studied law, and also devoted 

 himself to journalism. In 1848, after holding 

 several minor offices, he was elected a Coun- 

 cilor of State by the Constituent Assembly. 

 After the coup d'etat he withdrew from poli- 

 tics. In 1870 he was appointed prefect of po- 

 lice by the Government of Defense, which po- 

 sition, however, he held for a short time only. 



In 1871 he was elected to the National As- 

 sembly from the department of the Seine. 

 He was a member of the Left, vice-president 

 of the Republican Union, and has voted against 

 the preliminaries of peace. 



AUDIFFKET-PASQUIER, Duke d', was born 

 in Paris about 1815. The chancellor, Baron 

 Pasquier, his grand-uncle, adopted him. By a 

 royal ordinance of December 16, 1844, he was 

 created a duke and declared heir to the title 

 of his grand-uncle. From 1845 to 1848 he 

 was an auditor in the Council of State. During 

 the reign of Napoleon he withdrew entirely 

 from public life. In 1871 he was elected to 

 tho National Assembly from the department 

 of Orne. In the Assembly he was a member 

 of the Right Centre, chairman of various com- 

 mittees, was elected fourth Vice-President in 

 1874, second Vice-President March 1, 1875, 

 President of the Assembly March 15th, and in 

 December, 1875, Senator for life, receiving 551 

 votes, the largest number cast for any candi- 

 date. He is a brother-in-law of Casimir Perier. 



ATJKELLE DE PALADINES, CLAUDE MICHEL 

 Louis D', born January 9, 1804, at Malazieux. 

 He entered the military school in 1822, served 

 in Africa from 1841-'48, during which time he 

 rose to the rank of colonel, took part in the 

 Roman campaign, became general of brigade 

 in 1851, distinguished himself in the Crimea, 

 and was appointed general of division in 1855. 

 He did not take part in the Italian campaign 

 of 1859, but, as the commander of the Ninth 

 Military Division in Marseilles, distinguished 

 himself in the quick shipment of troops and 

 provisions. In 1869 he passed to the reserve. 

 At the beginning of the German-French War 

 he was again placed at the head of the Ninth 

 Division. In consequence of the Revolution 

 of September 4, 1870, he was obliged to leave 

 Marseilles; but, after the defeats of General 

 de la Motterouge near Orleans, he was placed 

 in command of the Army of the Loire. In 

 this position he succeeded in forcing General 

 von der Tann to retire. The Germans, having 

 been reenforced, in turn defeated him at Beaune 

 la Rolande, and forced him to retreat to So- 

 logne. A committee was appointed, through 

 M. Gambetta, to inquire into his conduct. 

 General de Paladines thereupon resigned, and, 

 although offered several commands, did not 

 again take part in the war. In 1871 he was 

 elected to the National Assembly from two 

 departments, and selected the department of 

 Allier. He was a member of the Right Cen- 

 tre. He published in 1872 a description of his 

 operations, under the title of " Premiere Arme 

 de la Loire." 



BAKTHELEMT - SAINT - HILAIEE, JULES, was 

 born August 19, 1805, in Paris. After he had 

 finished his studies he was connected for some 

 time with the ministry of finance, but at the 

 same time wrote numerous articles for the 

 Globe. In 1830 he signed, together with 

 Thiers, Mignet, Carrel, R6musat, and others, 

 the protest of the journalists. After the Revo- 



