356 



GILLETT, EZRA H. 



GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE. 



while the defendant's counsel endeavored to 

 rebut this construction. Another editor, who 

 was prosecuted for an article which placed 

 Prince Bismarck in the same category with 

 the manager of an acrobatic company, was ac- 

 quitted. A third editor* who had charged the 

 Crown -prince of Germany with diplomatic 

 shuffling, was sentenced in contumaciam to ten 

 months' imprisonment. The public prosecu- 

 tor had only demanded eight months, and it 

 rarely happens that the court passes a heavier 

 sentence than that proposed by the prosecu- 

 tion. It was especially the Catholic journals 

 which were confiscated and prosecuted fre- 

 quently in all parts of the empire. In Breslau a 

 paper was seized for reprinting an article from 

 a New York journal; and on the Rhine two 

 petty sheets, one a Liberal, were seized for 

 publishing a translation of an article from an 

 English weekly paper. Public opinion in Ger- 

 many declared itself on this 4 question decidedly 

 against the Government, especially when, in 

 the prosecution of the Democratic Frankfurter 

 Zeitung, the Government held all the persons in 

 the editorial and printing offices responsible for 

 the articles in its pages. Not only the General 

 Assembly of German Journalists, but also the 

 Congress of German Jurists, emphatically de- 

 manded a legislation protecting a reasonable 

 freedom of the press. 



GILLETT, Rev. EZEA H., D. D., was born at 

 Colchester, Conn., July 18, 1823, and died in 

 Harlem, September 2, 1875, at the age of 

 52. He was educated in Yale College, Conn., 

 and in the Union Theological Seminary, New 

 York, ordained a pastor of the Presbyterian 

 Church in Harlem in 1844, and appointed pro- 

 fessor in the University of the City of New 

 York in 1868, where he was an instructor in 

 political economy, ethics, and ancient history. 

 He was brought into general notice by his 

 " Life and Times of John Huss " (2 vols. 8vo, 

 Boston, 1863-'64). He also wrote " History of 

 the Presbyterian Church in the United States " 

 (2 vols. 8vo, Philadelphia, 1864; revised edi- 

 tion, 1875); u God in Human Thought" (2 

 vols. 8vo, New York,* 1874); "The Moral 

 System " (1875). His minor works are, " Life 

 Lessons" (1864); "Ancient Cities and Em- 

 pires;" "England Two Hundred Years ago," 

 and various tracts. He was likewise a fre- 

 quent contributor to the Presbyterian Quar- 

 terly, the Historical Magazine, the Observer, 

 and the Evangelist. 



GOLUCHOWSKI, COUNT AGENOB, an Aus- 

 trian statesman, was born February 8, 1812 ; 

 died August 3, 1873. He descended from an 

 old Polish family. After having held various 

 offices, he became in 1849 Governor of Galicia, 

 and in 1859 Minister of the Interior, which 

 office he held a little over a year, when he was 

 created Minister of State. But in this capacity 

 he made himself so odious to the people that 

 he was removed from office in December, 1860. 

 On April 18, 1861, he was created a life-mem- 

 ber of the Herrenhaus, and on September 20, 



1866, again Governor of Galicia. In 1868, after 

 the stormy scenes tin the Diet of Galicia, he re- 

 signed, but was again appointed Governor in 

 1871, which position he then held up to his 

 death. He was a strong supporter of the 

 clerical-feudal party of the Polish nobility, 

 and was very unpopular among the constitu- 

 tional party and the people. 



GOMM, Sir WILLIAM MATNAED, an English 

 field-marshal, was born in 1784; died July 

 15, 1875. He received his first commission in 

 1794, took part in the campaign in Holland in 

 1799, distinguished himself in the war on the 

 Peninsula and in the campaign of 1815, at the 

 close of which he was made a K. C. B. In 

 1837 he was promoted to the rank of major- 

 general, was appointed commander-in-chief of 

 the troops in Jamaica in 1840, and in 1843 

 Governor and commander-in-chief of the Mau- 

 ritius. In 1850 he succeeded Sir Charles Na- 

 pier as commander-in-chief in India, retiring 

 in 1855. He was made a G. C. B. in 1859, a 

 field-marshal in 1868, and in 1872, on the 

 death of Sir John Burgoyne, was appointed 

 Constable of the Tower of London. 



GRAHAM, Hon. WILLIAM A., a Southern 

 statesman, died at Saratoga, August 11, 1875. 

 He was born in North Carolina, September 5, 

 1804, and was the son of General Joseph Gra- 

 ham, a person of distinction during the Revo- 

 lutionary War. He was graduated at Chapel 

 Hill University, N. C., in 1824, and subsequent- 

 ly admitted to the bar at Newbern. He served 

 in the State Legislature from 1833 to 1836, and 

 also in 1839 and 1840. In 1841 he was chosen 

 to fill a vacancy in the United States Senate, 

 and served through the Twenty-seventh Con- 

 gress. He was not reflected, because the Leg- 

 islature of 1842-'43 was of adverse politics. In 

 the struggle of 1844 he was chosen by the 

 Whigs as their candidate for Governor, and 

 carried the State over an able and popular op- 

 ponent by 3,153 majority, on a larger vote 

 than was ever before polled. He was reelect- 

 ed in 1846 by 7,859 majority, and declined a 

 third term, retiring to private life. In 1850, 

 on the accession of Mr. Fillmore, he was called 

 into the cabinet to fill the post of Secretary of 

 the Navy. At the Whig Convention which 

 met at Baltimore in June, 1852, and nominated 

 General Scott for President, Mr. Graham was 

 named for Vice-President on the second ballot. 

 Immediately upon his nomination Mr. Graham 

 withdrew from the cabinet, and was succeed- 

 ed by Mr. Kennedy, of Maryland. Mr. Graham 

 retired from public life after the defeat of his 

 party at the succeeding presidential election. 

 During the civil war he " went with his State," 

 but was at heart a Unionist. He attended the 

 Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866, 

 called to sustain the policy of President John- 

 son. He was within a recent period appoint- 

 ed one of the arbitrators of the boundary of 

 Maryland and Virginia, and was acting in that 

 capacity at Saratoga. 



GRANT, Sir JAMES HOPE, an English gen- 



