GREAT BRITAIN. 



alternately serve abroad, two battalions of mi- 

 litia, and the volunteers of the district. Accord- 

 ing to the army estimates for the year 1875-'76, 

 the army was to bo composed as follows : 



Besides the above, there are the following 

 organizations : In Ireland there is a police force 

 under military discipline, consisting of 13,000 

 men and 4,000 horses; the Channel Islands 

 have a militia of 300 officers and 8,000 men, 

 subsidized by the British Government ; India 

 has a native army of 140,000 men, and a police 

 force under military discipline of 190,000 men, 

 the officers of both of which are Europeans ; 

 the colonies all have a militia, a volunteer 

 corps of their own. The home Government 

 stations troops only at fortified places (except 

 in the Cape Colony, where peculiar circum- 

 stances exist), and at places where policy de- 

 mands it, as in Hong-Kong. The standing 

 army was distributed as follows on January 1, 

 1875 : England, 67,152 ; Channel Islands, 2,048; 

 Scotland, 4,348 ; Ireland, 22,731 ; under way, 

 3,953; in the colonies, 23,003; and in India, 

 63,197 men. 



The navy consists of 59 iron-clads, about 300 

 steamers, and 170 sailing-vessels. Of this 

 number 244 were in commission on August 1, 

 1875, 126 being at home and 118 abroad. The 

 navy is manned by 46,625 seamen, 14,073 ma- 

 rines, and 18,337 men belong to the Eoyal 

 ITaval Reserve. 



In 1874 the number of schools inspected by 

 the Government inspectors was 13,163 in Eng- 

 land and Wales, and 2,609 in Scotland. These 



schools had accommodations for 2,962,981 chil- 

 dren in England and Wales, and 392,771 in 

 Scotland. The average attendance was 1,759,- 

 641 in England and Wales, and 280,143 in 

 Scotland. In Ireland there were on the same 

 date 7,257 national schools, in which the total 

 number of pupils during the year had been 

 1,006,511, and the average daily attendance 

 395,390. 



In England the number of paupers relieved 

 in 1873-'74 was 829,281, and the amount ex- 

 pended was 7,664,957. Scotland in the same 

 year had 123,182 paupers, on whom it spent 

 847,682. In Ireland the number of paupers 

 was 79,633, and their annual cost 958,203. 

 The rate per head of the total population for 

 relief of the poor was 6s. 6d. for England and 

 Wales, 5s. \d. for Scotland, and 3s. tyd. for 

 Ireland. 



The number of criminal offenders committed 

 for trial, convicted, and acquitted, in the United 

 Kingdom, was as follows in 1874: 



On December 31, 1874, there were 89 re- 

 formatory schools in the United Kingdom, of 

 which 68 were Protestant and 21 Roman 

 Catholic. They were attended by 5,424 boys 

 (3,519 Protestant and 1,905 Catholic) and 1,364 

 girls (862 Protestant and 502 Catholic). The 

 number of industrial schools at the same time 

 was 161 (101 Protestant and 60 Catholic), at- 

 tended by 10,368 boys (7,423 Protestant and 

 2,945 Catholic) and 5,610 girls (2,124 Protes- 

 tant and 3,486 Catholic). The police and con- 

 stabulary force in 1874 was 28,870 in England 

 and Wales, 3,075 in Scotland, and 12,224 in 

 Ireland, making a total of 44,169. 



The circulation of the notes of the Bank of 

 England, and the average of bullion kept on 

 hand by that institution, together with the 

 total bank-note circulation in the United King- 

 dom in 1860, 1870, and 1874, were as follows: 



The returns of the savings-banks for 1873 

 and 1874 made the following exhibit : 



1878. 



18T4. 



