MASSACHUSETTS. 



483 



prisons for the year was 2,264 ; total expendi- 

 tures, 366,417.96; total receipts from labor, 

 $94,373.36. The Boston House of Industry 

 at Deer Island had an average of 809 inmates, 

 and expended $101,787.32. There are five 

 private institutions for the insane in the State : 

 the McLean Asylum at Somerville, with 159 

 inmates; the Boston Lunatic Hospital, with 

 202 ; the Essex County Keceptacle at Ipswich, 

 with 62 ; Herbert Hall at Worcester, with 12 ; 

 and Shady Lawn at Northampton, with 6. 

 The whole number of paupers fully supported 

 by towns and cities was 4,736; partly sup- 

 ported, 21,263 ; vagrants, 1,225. Of the 341 

 cities and towns, 224 used the almshouse. The 

 total cost of city and town pauperism is calcu- 

 lated at $1,172,416. The construction of a 

 new State-prison, with 750 cells, at a cost of 

 nearly $1,000,000, has been begun at Concord. 

 A Reformatory Prison for Women is also in 

 course of construction atSherborn; the amount 

 appropriated for the latter purpose is $300,000. 

 The question of repealing the act authorizing 

 the new prison at Concord to be constructed 

 is agitated, it being claimed that a much 

 smaller one should be built, and that at 

 Charlestown repaired and improved. 



On the 19th of April the centennial anni- 

 versary of the opening of the Revolutionary 

 struggle was celebrated at Lexington and Con- 

 cord. At the former place the exercises began 

 on the evening of Sunday the 18th with relig- 

 ious services in a pavilion on the common, the 

 Rev. William Adams, D. D., of New York, de- 

 livering an appropriate address. At sunrise on 

 the morning of the 19th a salute of one hun- 

 dred guns was fired. The public exercises began 

 at ten o'clock in the pavilion, Thomas Merriam 

 Stetson officiating as president of the day. An 

 oration was delivered by Richard H. Dana, Jr., 

 of Boston, and hymns written for the occasion 

 by John G. Whittier and Mrs. Julia Ward Howe 

 were sung. Statues of Samuel Adams and John 

 Hancock were unveiled, an address being pro- 

 nounced on the occasion by the Hon. Charles 

 Hudson, of ' Lexington. A monument, repre- 

 senting the minute-man of 1776, was also dedi- 

 cated on the public green. These exercises 

 were followed by a grand military and civic 

 procession, and a public dinner was given at 

 2 p. M., in a tent on the common, at which 

 provision was made for 3,500 guests. Ad- 

 dresses were made at the dinner by several 

 prominent gentlemen in response to appropri- 

 ate toasts. A promenade concert began at eight 

 o'clock in the evening, followed by a grand 

 levee and ball in the pavilion, one feature of 

 which was a reception held by the President 

 of the United States. A collection of Revolu- 

 tionary relics was displayed at the Town- Hall, 

 and all places of historic interest and many 

 public and private buildings were tastefully 

 decorated in honor of the occasion. A vast 

 concourse of people from all parts of the coun- 

 try attended the celebration. 



The celebration at Concord occurred simul- 



taneously with that at Lexington, and was also 

 largely attended, many of the visitors dividing 

 the day between the two places. Here too a 

 salute of one hundred guns was fired at sun- 

 rise, and a grand military and civic procession 

 was formed at nine o'clock under the direction 

 of General Francis 0. Barlow as chief-marshal. 

 Literary exercises took place in a pavilion on 

 the provincial parade-ground, the Hon. E. R. 

 Hoar acting as president of the- day. After a 

 brief address by Ralph Waldo Emerson, of 

 Concord, an oration was delivered by George 

 William Curtis, of New York, and a poem was 

 read by James Russell Lowell, of Cambridge. 

 At the conclusion of these exercises a public 

 dinner was served in a tent on the same 

 grounds, at which the President of the United 

 States and several members of bis cabinet and 

 other distinguished guests were present. The 

 proceedings closed with a ball in the evening 

 at Agricultural Hall on the Fair Grounds. Fire- 

 works, inscriptions, and decorations, were in- 

 cidental features of the display. 



The one hundredth anniversary of the battle 

 of Bunker Hill was celebrated in Boston on 

 the 17th of June, under the auspices of the 

 city government, and the occasion drew to- 

 gether an immense throng of people from all 

 parts of the country. The day was ushered 

 in by the ringing of bells and firing of guns, 

 and streets and buildings were profusely dec- 

 orated, especially along the line of march of 

 the procession. The most conspicuous feature 

 of the celebration was the grand pageant, in- 

 cluding prominent military and civic organiza- 

 tions from various States of the Union, and 

 representations of the trades and industries of 

 Massachusetts. A military review was held in 

 the morning, after which the procession was 

 formed. This was about ten miles long, and 

 occupied four hours in passing a given point. 

 It was greeted throughout the line of march 

 with great enthusiasm from the vast congrega- 

 tion of spectators. After marching through 

 some of the principal streets of the city, it dis- 

 banded at Bunker Hill, where commemorative 

 exercises were held under a large tent. An 

 oration was delivered by the Hon. Charles 

 Devens, of Worcester, and addresses were made 

 by George Washington Warren, General Wil- 

 liam T. Sherman, Vice-President Henry Wil- 

 son, Governor Hartranft, of Pennsylvania, and 

 others. In the evening numerous dinners and 

 receptions were given to the different military, 

 masonic, and other organizations, and fire- 

 works and illuminations were displayed on 

 Boston Common and elsewhere. 



On the 3d of July the centennial anniver- 

 sary of Washington's taking command of the 

 American armies was celebrated in Cambridge. 

 Firing of guns, ringing of bells, music, and illu- 

 minations, accompanied the celebration. The 

 commemorative exercises were held in a tent 

 on the common, and consisted of a poem by 

 James Russell Lowell, and an oration by the 

 Rev. Andrew P. Peabody, of Harvard College. 



