MORTON, OLIVER P. 



MtfLLER, JOHANN II. J. VON. 527 



Hadj Mohammed as commander of the Kabyles 

 of Beni Suasen, an appointment said to be ob- 

 tained by influence over the counselor of the 

 Emperor of Morocco, when the latter with the 

 army came to the frontier to settle existing 

 disputes. Sheik Hadj was then appointed 

 governor of the town of Oudjdah, and on pro- 

 ceeding to take possession of his post the con- 

 flict arose. Oudjdah submitted to him on com- 

 pulsion, but the tribes of Anjad and Mahia re- 

 volted. Fighting went on for a week, in which 

 one hundred and fifty of the Beni Suasen tribe 

 and forty-eight of the Anjad and Mahia tribes 

 were killed, and a great many wounded. The 

 Sheik Hadj Mohammed and his column were 

 compelled to retreat. The Anjad and Mahia 

 tribes captured about 51,000 sheep and 18,000 

 camels, which were grazing on the plain. The 

 Spahis and Turcos among the French troops, 

 who belonged to the combatant tribes, were 

 only restrained from taking part in the conflict 

 by the French commander ordering all who 

 left the ranks to be fired upon. 



The mountain tribes in the province of Tan- 

 gier not having paid any taxes for the last five 

 years, the Government, in June, 1875, appoint- 

 ed Raid Gelaley Ben Hamo, the chief officer 

 of the Sultan's court, as governor of the prov- 

 ince, and gave him a force of 2,000 to chastise 

 the mountaineers. The new governor is up- 

 ward of eighty years of age, but a man of 

 great energy of character, and whenever the 

 inhabitants of any province of importance 

 have shown disaffection, Kaid Gelaley has 

 been dispatched by the Sultan to rule the tur- 

 bulent population with a rod of iron. In 1874, 

 when the people of Fez rebelled against the 

 authority of the Sultan Mulai Hassan, Kaid 

 Gelaley was appointed governor of that city 

 a post which he held up to the time of his 

 appointment as Governor of Tangier. Later 

 accounts stated that Kaid Gelaley had seized 

 several chiefs of rebellious tribes, and imposed 

 a heavy fine upon the inhabitants. 



The Government seemed to be inclined to 

 take some steps toward establishing more 

 friendly relations with foreign countries. In- 

 telligence received from Tangier in July stated 

 that the Moroccan Minister for Foreign Affairs 

 had called a meeting of foreign representa- 

 tives to communicate to them orders received 

 from the Sultan. The minister was reported 

 to have brought to the notice of the represent- 

 atives proposals for the building of a mole at 

 Tangier, and a breakwater at Casablanca ; also 

 for establishing telegraphic communication be- 

 tween Tangier and Europe. It was also stated 

 that the Sultan intended to send a number of 

 young Moors to be educated in Europe. 



MORTON, OLIVER PERRY, the senior United 

 States Senator from Indiana, was born in 

 Wayne County, August 4, 1823. The origi- 

 nal family name was Throckmorton, the first 

 syllable having been dropped by the Senator's 

 father. He received his education chiefly at 

 the Wayne County Seminary and Miami Uni- 



versity at Oxford, O., which he entered in 

 1843, and left two years after. He studied law 

 at Centreville, and began practice there in 

 1847. During the next ten years he rose to a 

 leading position at the bar of Indiana. He was 

 elected a circuit judge 'in 1852, but remained 

 on the bench only one year. He was a Demo- 

 crat in early life, but, having strong antislavery 

 sympathies, left the party after the repeal of 

 the Missouri Compromise in 1854. In 1856 he 

 was the Republican candidate for Governor, 

 and made a brilliant canvass of the State with 

 his opponent, Ashbel P. Willard. He was de- 

 feated, and returned to his law -practice at 

 Centreville. In 1860 he was nominated on the 

 Republican ticket for the office of Lieutenant- 

 Governor, and during the canvass that followed 

 took strong ground in favor of the coercion of 

 the Southern States into obedience to the Con- 

 stitution. He was elected, and took his seat as 

 President of the Senate on the 14th of January, 

 1861, but two days afterward he took the oath 

 of office as Governor, Henry S. Lane, who was 

 elected to that position, having been chosen 

 United States Senator. During the war Gov- 

 ernor Morton was very active and zealous in 

 raising troops and supporting the efforts of 

 the Government for the suppression of the 

 Southern resistance. In 1863 he was opposed 

 by a Democratic Legislature, which contem- 

 plated taking the military power out of his 

 hands and placing it in those of four Democrats. 

 These efforts were defeated by the withdrawal 

 of all the Republican members, leaving both 

 Houses without a quorum. The Governor then 

 borrowed money on his own responsibility to 

 carry on the government of the State. The 

 Democratic Attorney-General gave an opinion 

 that there was no authority for drawing money 

 from the Treasury to pay State bonds, and 

 that a special appropriation was necessary, and 

 this position was sustained by the Supreme 

 Court. The object was to compel a calling of 

 the Legislature, but the Governor raised the 

 needed funds for meeting the obligations of the 

 State on his own personal responsibility. The 

 obligations which he incurred were afterward 

 assumed by. the State. Through them he was 

 enabled to carry on the government and con- 

 tinue his support of the Federal authorities, in 

 spite of the opposition of Democratic Legisla- 

 ture and courts. In 1866 he was elected to 

 the United States Senate, and reflected in 

 1872. In that body he has taken a leading 

 position in support of the Administration, and 

 the policy of reconstruction and coercion in 

 the South. 



MtlLLER, JOHA.NX HEINRICH JAKOB vox, 

 a German physicist, born at Cassel, April 30, 

 1809; died October 3, 1875. He studied at 

 the Gymnasium of Darmstadt, and the Uni- 

 versities of Bonn and Giessen, devoting him- 

 self particularly to the study of mathematics 

 and natural philosophy. Having been assist- 

 ant teacher at the Gymnasium at Darmstadt 

 for some time, he was appointed teacher of 



