534 



NETHERLANDS, THE. 



Cities. Populitic 



Amsterdam 



Rotterdam 



Hague 97,565 



Utrecht 64,2 < 1 



Leyden 40,249 



Groningen 39,835 



Anaheim 36,004 



Haarlem 33,364 



Maestricht 28,650 



Leeuwarden 27,003 



Dort 25,823 



Bois-le-Duc 24,747 



Tilburg 24,190 



Delft 23,365 



Nimeguen 22,929 



Zwolle '. 21,329 



Schiedam 21,103 



Helder... 



The colonies of the Netherlands are consider- 

 ably larger and more populous than the coun- 

 try itself. The total area is estimated at 641,201 

 square miles ; the population at 25,108,984, di- 

 vided as follows : 



1. POPULATION OF THE DUTCH COLONIES IN THE 



EAST INDIES IN DECEMBER, 1873 



Residences. 



Java and Madura 



Western Sumatra 



Bencoolen 



Lampong 



Palembang 



Riouw and Eastern coast | 

 of Sumatra f 



Billiton 



Western Borneo 



Southern and Eastern Borneo. 



Celebes 



Menado 



Ternate . . . 



25,000,000 



17,786,119 



1,620,918 



140,186 



112,774 



577,056 



69,388 

 636,92 



965,798 

 889,629 

 855,942 



97,913 



94,745 



155,453 



Unknown 

 79,574 



Unknown 



89,150 



22,713 



5,388 



11,044 



Timor '. 



Bali, Lombok 



New Guinea 



2. POPULATION OF THB DUTCH COLONIES IN THE 



WTCST INDIES 



Curacoa Island 



Aruba " 



Bonaire, St. Martin, Saba and St. Eustache 

 Islands 



3. SUEINAM... 



Total 25,108,984 



The foreign population of the colonies in 1873 

 included 13,245 Europeans in the army ; 34,065 

 other Europeans (27,009 in Java and Madura) ; 

 1,252 descendants of Europeans; 295,406 Chi- 

 nese; 12,943 Arabs; and 19,582 Hindoos. 



The population of the principal cities was 

 as follows: Batavia, 65,000; Surabaya, 90,000; 

 Samarang, 50,000; Surakerta, 50,000 ; Djocjo- 

 kerta, 45,000. 



Education is provided for by a non-denomi- 

 national primary instruction law, passed in 

 1857. Under its working there were in Janu- 

 uary, 1871, according to Government returns, 

 2,608 public schools, with 6,538 schoolmasters 

 and 477 schoolmistresses, and 1,119 private 

 schools, with 2,332 schoolmasters and 1,565 

 schoolmistresses. At the same date the pupils 

 in the public schools numbered 390,129 (217,- 

 827 boys, and 72,302 girls), and the pupils in 

 the private schools 111,762 (50,388 boys and 

 61,374 girls). The teachers appointed under 

 the law of 1857 are superintended by 94 dis- 

 trict-school inspectors, who act under 11 pro- 

 vincial superintendents. The inspectors grant 



licenses for the establishment of schools, and 

 present to the Government, three times a year, 

 an account of the state of the* public instruction. 

 In 81 schools of ordinary instruction, and 55 

 Latin schools, with 7,047 and 1,128 pupils re- 

 spectively in 1871, a higher instruction is im- 

 parted than provided for in the primary schools. 

 The three Universities of Leyden, Groningen, 

 and Utrecht, had 1,339 students in January, 

 1871, and the Poly technical School at Delft, 171 

 pupils. The ecclesiastical training-schools com- 

 prise five Roman Catholic and three Protestant 

 seminaries. The proportion of attendance in 

 the schools for primary instruction is one in 

 eight of the entire population of the kingdom. 



The system, although it has produced good 

 results, each annual report showing a decreas- 

 ing per cent, of untaught children and illiter- 

 ates, has been for some time the subject of bit- 

 ter attacks from the Orthodox Protestants and 

 Catholics. Dr. Knyper, the leader of the Or- 

 thodox Protestants, during the past year, pub- 

 lished a plan for paying back to the "cleri- 

 cals " taxes collected for school purposes, and 

 this plan is supported by both Catholics and 

 Protestants. As in the public schools no re- 

 ligion is taught, both parties demand their 

 school-taxes refunded, that they may support 

 schools consistent with their creed. 



In the budget for the year 1875 the expen- 

 ditures and revenue are estimated as follows : 



EXPENDITURES. 



1. Royal house 



2. Cabinet ; supreme state authorities 



8. Ministry of Foreign Affairs 



4. " of Justice 



5. " of the Interior 



a. Interior administration 18,052,587 



&. Railroads 8.000,000 



6. Ministry of the Navy 



7. " of War 



8. Public debt 



9. Ministry of Finances 



a. Finances 10,885,684 



b. Compensation to municipal- 



ities for abolition of local 



excise 7,419,000 



c. Public Worship 2,061,899 



10. Colonies 



11. Unforeseen 



Florins. 

 750,000 



605,745 

 8,587,089 

 21,052,587 



13,089,972 



18,502,913 



271.163,849 



20,366,583 



1,203,174 

 60,000 



Total 106,970,168 



REVENUE. FloriM . 



1. Direct taxes 22,790,888 



Land-tax 10,388,438 



Poll-tax 8,652,000 



Patent-tax 8,750,400 



2. Excise 80,925,000 



On spirits 17,000,000 



On other liquors 13,925,000 



8. Taxes on stamps, enregistrement, inheri- 

 tances 17,457,000 



4. Customs 5,713,210 



5. Taxes on gold and silver wares 851,200 



6. Domains 1570,000 



7. Post 2,750,000 



8. Telegraphs 705,000 



9. Lottery 410,000 



10. Taxes on game and fisheries 125,000 



11. Pilotages 960,000 



12. Taxes on mines 6,520 



18. State railroads 1,580,000 



14. Miscellaneous 8,288,154 



15. Receipts from the colonial administration 10.111,685 



Total.. 



Deficit 8,276,561 



